Молекулярні антени на основі силікатів кальцію для біотехніки

Роботу викладено на 93 сторінках, вона містить 5 розділів, 25 ілюстрацій, 26 таблиць і 70 джерел в переліку посилань. Об’єктом дослідження є пластини кремнія n-типу провідності для виготовлення композитної біосумісної структури. Предметом дослідження є силікат кальцію на підкладинці кремнію для створення молекулярних антен. Метою роботи є створення сенсорів біологічних речовин на основі кремнієвого польового транзистора (BioFET). Отримана композитна структура Si/SiO2/(CaO-SiO2), яка демонструє властивість біосумісності, що підтверджено утворенням гідроксиапатиту на поверхні Si після зберігання в розчині, що імітує плазму крові людини. У першому інформаційно-аналітичному розділі роботи визначено необхідність вивчення та удосконалення комунікації і взаємодії на базі обмінюваної інформації елементів Інтернету біо- наноречей. У другому інформаційно- аналітичному розділі роботи наведено сучасний стан розвитку біотехнології та зокрема біопольових транзисторів. У третьому розділі наведена теоретична модель роботи молекулярної антени на основі біопольового транзистора. У четвертому розділі вивчається композитна структура Si/SiO2/(CaOSiO2) на поверхні кремнію, яка була синтезована методом сонохімічного синтезу та подальшим утворенням гідроксиапатиту при вимочуванні зразка в рідині, що симулює плазму людської крові. У п'ятому розділі представлений розроблений стартап-проект на основі досліджень по виконаній роботі.The work was found on 93 pages, it contained 5 sections, 25 images, 26 persons and 70 sources in translation. The object of the study is n-type silicon wafers for the manufacture of composite biocompatible structures. The subject of the study is calcium silicate on a silicon substrate to create molecular antennas. The method of operation creates a sensitive biological potential on a large silicon transistor (BioFET). The obtained Si/SiO2/(CaO-SiO2) composite structure demonstrates the power of biological ability, which confirms the formation of hydroxyapatite at the level of Si after being preserved in the section requiring human creep. In the first information and analytical section of the work, the reliability and improvement of communications were achieved, and we see information from the Internet of bio-things on the basis of exchange data. In another information and analytical section are the current state of development of biotechnology and such biofield transistors. The third section deals with the analytical model of the operation of a molecular antenna on a biological transistor. The fourth section examines the composite structure of Si/SiO2/(CaOSiO2) on the silicon surface, which was synthesized by sonochemical synthesis and the subsequent formation of hydroxyapatite when soaking the sample in a fluid simulating human blood plasma. The fifth section presents a developed startup project based on research on the work done

An Information Theoretical Analysis of Human Insulin-Glucose System Towards The Internet of Bio-Nano Things

Molecular communication is an important tool to understand biological communications with many promising applications in Internet of Bio-Nano Things (IoBNT). The insulinglucose system is of key significance among the major intrabody nanonetworks since it fulfills metabolic requirements of the body. Study of biological networks from information and communication theoretical (ICT) perspective is necessary for their introduction in the IoBNT framework. Therefore, the objective of this work is to provide and analyze for the first time in literature, a simple molecular communication model of the human insulin-glucose system from ICT perspective. The data rate, channel capacity and the group propagation delay are analyzed for a two-cell network between a pancreatic beta cell and a muscle cell that are connected through a capillary. The results point out a correlation between an increase in insulin resistance and a decrease in the data rate and channel capacity, an increase in the insulin transmission rate and an increase in the propagation delay. We also propose applications for introduction of the system in IoBNT framework. Multi-cell insulin glucose system models may be based on this simple model to help in the investigation, diagnosis and treatment of insulin resistance by means of novel IoBNT applications.This work was supported in part by ERC project MINERVA (ERC-2013-CoG #616922), and EU project CIRCLE (EUH2020- FET-Open #665564)

Maximum Likelihood Detection With Ligand Receptors for Diffusion-Based Molecular Communications in Internet of Bio-Nano Things.

Molecular Communication (MC) is a bio-inspired communication technique that uses molecules as a method of information transfer among nanoscale devices. MC receiver is an essential component having profound impact on the communication system performance. However, the interaction of the receiver with information bearing molecules has been usually oversimplified in modeling the reception process and developing signal detection techniques. In this paper, we focus on the signal detection problem of MC receivers employing receptor molecules to infer the transmitted messages encoded into the concentration of molecules, i.e., ligands. Exploiting the observable characteristics of ligand-receptor binding reaction, we first introduce a Maximum Likelihood (ML) detection method based on instantaneous receptor occupation ratio, as aligned with the current MC literature. Then, we propose a novel ML detection technique, which exploits the amount of time the receptors stay unbound in an observation time window. A comprehensive analysis is carried out to compare the performance of the detectors in terms of bit error probability. In evaluating the detection performance, emphasis is given to the receptor saturation problem resulting from the accumulation of messenger molecules at the receiver as a consequence of intersymbol interference. The results reveal that detection based on receptor unbound time is quite reliable even in saturation, whereas the reliability of detection based on receptor occupation ratio substantially decreases as the receiver gets saturated. Finally, we also discuss the potential methods of implementing the detectors

Nano/Bio-Receiver Architectures and Detection Methods for Molecular Communications

Internet of Nano Things (IoNT) is an emerging technology, which aims at extending the connectivity into nanoscale and biological environments with collaborative networks of artificial nanomachines and biological entities integrated into the Internet. To enable the IoNT and its groundbreaking applications, such as real-time intrabody health monitoring, it is imperative to devise nanoscale communication techniques with low-complexity transceiver architectures. Bio-inspired molecular communications (MC), which uses molecules to transfer information, is the most promising technique to realise IoNT due to its inherent biocompatibility and reliability in physiologically-relevant environments. Despite the substantial body of work concerning MC, the implications of an interface between MC channel and practical MC transceiver architectures are largely neglected, leading to a major gap between theory and practice. As the first step to remove this discrepancy, in this thesis, I develop a realistic analytical ICT model for microfluidic MC with surface-based receivers as a convection-diffusion-reaction system. In the second part, I focus on biological MC receivers, which can be implemented in living cells using synthetic biology tools. In this direction, I theoretically develop low-complexity and reliable MC detection methods exploiting the various statistics of the stochastic ligand-receptor interactions at the membrane of biological MC receivers. The estimation and detection theoretical analysis of these detection methods demonstrate that even single type of receptors can provide sufficient statistics to overcome the receptor saturation problem, cope with the interference of non-cognate molecules, and simultaneously sense the concentration of multiple types of ligands. I also propose synthetic receptor designs for the transduction of decision statistics into a representation by concentration of intracellular molecules, and design chemical reaction networks performing decoding with intracellular reactions. Finally, I fabricate a micro/nanoscale MC receiver based on graphene field-effect transistor biosensors and perform its ICT characterisation in a custom-designed microfluidic MC system with the information encoded into the concentration of DNAs. This experimental platform is the first practical demonstration of micro/nanoscale MC, and can serve as a testbed for developing realistic MC methods

Universal Transceivers: Opportunities and Future Directions for the Internet of Everything (IoE)

The Internet of Everything (IoE) is a recently introduced information and communication technology (ICT) framework promising for extending the human connectivity to the entire universe, which itself can be regarded as a natural IoE, an interconnected network of everything we perceive. The countless number of opportunities that can be enabled by IoE through a blend of heterogeneous ICT technologies across different scales and environments and a seamless interface with the natural IoE impose several fundamental challenges, such as interoperability, ubiquitous connectivity, energy efficiency, and miniaturization. The key to address these challenges is to advance our communication technology to match the multi-scale, multi-modal, and dynamic features of the natural IoE. To this end, we introduce a new communication device concept, namely the universal IoE transceiver, that encompasses transceiver architectures that are characterized by multi-modality in communication (with modalities such as molecular, RF/THz, optical and acoustic) and in energy harvesting (with modalities such as mechanical, solar, biochemical), modularity, tunability, and scalability. Focusing on these fundamental traits, we provide an overview of the opportunities that can be opened up by micro/nanoscale universal transceiver architectures towards realizing the IoE applications. We also discuss the most pressing challenges in implementing such transceivers and briefly review the open research directions. Our discussion is particularly focused on the opportunities and challenges pertaining to the IoE physical layer, which can enable the efficient and effective design of higher-level techniques. We believe that such universal transceivers can pave the way for seamless connection and communication with the universe at a deeper level and pioneer the construction of the forthcoming IoE landscape

Modeling and Analysis of SiNW BioFET as molecular antenna for Bio-cyber interfaces towards the Internet of Bio-NanoThings

Seamless connection of molecular nanonetworks to macroscale cyber networks is envisioned to enable the Internet of Bio-NanoThings, which promises for cutting-edge applications, especially in the medical domain. The connection requires the development of an interface between the biochemical domain of molecular nanonetworks and the electrical domain of conventional electromagnetic networks. To this aim, in this paper, we propose to exploit field effect transistor based biosensors (bioFETs) to devise a molecular antenna capable of transducing molecular messages into electrical signals. In particular, focusing on the use of SiNW FET-based biosensors as molecular antennas, we develop deterministic and noise models for the antenna operation to provide a theoretical framework for the optimization of the device from communication perspective. We numerically evaluate the performance of the antenna in terms of the Signal-to-Noise Ratio (SNR) at the electrical output