Client-based and Cross-layer Optimized Flow Mobility for Android Devices in Heterogeneous Femtocell/Wi-Fi Networks*

AbstractThe number of subscribers accessing Internet resources from mobile and wireless devices has been increasing continually since i-mode, the first mobile Internet service launched in 1999. The handling and support of dramatic growth of mobile data traffic create serious challenges for the network operators. Due to the spreading of WLAN networks and the proliferation of multi-access devices, offloading from 3G to Wi-Fi seems to be a promising step towards the solution. To solve the bandwidth limitation and coverage issues in 3G/4G environments, femtocells became key players. These facts motivate the design and development of femtocell/Wi-Fi offloading schemes. Aiming to support advanced offloading in heterogeneous networks, in this paper we propose a client-based, cross-layer optimized flow mobility architecture for Android devices in femtocell/Wi-Fi access environments. The paper presents the design, implementation and evaluation details of the aforementioned mechanisms

Femtocell deployment; next generation in cellular systems

The final Bachelor’s Thesis that is shown below has such a final purpose of giving an overview of the inclusion of the so-called Femtocells (or Home Node B) in the current cellular systems. The main objective is to give a clear but simple idea about the concepts of Femtocells, as well as to explain the benefits and disadvantages of the mass uses of these services both for consumers and associated companies with this phenomenon. In this text it is also possible to find a brief review of wireless technologies throughout the history of telecommunications, as well as an introduction to the more current wireless technologies, with a special interest in the concept of cellular systems. In the last chapter a simple mathematical explanation of the key issue of interference between Femtocells and macrocellular networks is presented, with a brief argument about possible solutions

Mobile Data Offloading the Growing Need with Its Solutions and Challenges

From the last few years, the popularity of video, social media and Internet gaming across a range of new devices like smartphones and tablets has created a surge of data traffic over cellular networks. Device to device connectivity will give rise to a new universe of applications that will further create stress on network capacity [3]. In the next three years alone, it is accepted that data traffic will grow towards tenfold creating a tremendous capacity crunch for operators. While data revenues are expected to only double during this period, which will create a huge gap. As a result, different innovative solutions have emerged to man age data traffic. Some of the key technologies include Wi-Fi, LTE Small Cell and Relay, femtocells, DTN-based Network, and IP flow mobility. Therefore, telecom operators need to constantly review their implement traffic offloading mechanisms that will help them manage their network load and capacity mo re efficiently. This paper describes various data offload strategies and considers the challenges and benefits associated with each of them. This paper aims to provide a survey of mobile data offloading technologies including insights from the business per spective as well

A comparative investigation on the application and performance of Femtocell against Wi-Fi networks in an indoor environment

Due to the strenuous demands on the available spectrum and bandwidth, alongside the ever increasing rate at which data traffic is growing and the poor quality of experience QoE) faced with indoor communications, in order for cellular networks to remain dominant in areas pertaining to voice and data services, cellular service providers have to reform their marketing and service delivery strategies together with their overall network rchitecture. To accomplish this leap forward in performance, cellular service operators need to employ a network topology, which makes use of a mix of macrocells and small cells, effectively evolving the network, bringing it closer to the end-­‐user. This investigation explores the use of small cell technology, specifically Femtocell technology in comparison to the already employed Wi-­‐Fi technology as a viable solution to poor indoor communications.The performance evolution is done by comparing key areas in the every day use of Internet communications. These include HTTP testing, RTP testing and VoIP testing. Results are explained and the modes of operation of both technologies are compared

Small Cells for Broadband Internet Access in Low-Income Suburban Areas in Emerging Market Environments

Mobile broadband technologies are providing the best and most commonly used broadband connectivity in many emerging markets. In some regions such as Africa, mobile networks provide the only feasible ways for extending the socio-economic benefits of broadband Internet access to the masses. The use of small cell technologies, like femtocells provide an attractive solution for such areas as femtocells are most cost – effective option for coverage and capacity expansion. Furthermore, femtocells are operator managed access points which can be easily deployed and operated by the end user. It is well known that increased densification of cell sites is the most effective means for broadband mobile network capacity and coverage enhancements. However, cell densification through adding new macrocell sites by operators is usually a costly option. Therefore, this thesis will investigate methods to achieve mobile broadband capacity and coverage enhancements in low – income informal settlements or slum area, through more cost – effective cell densification using femtocells. Moreover this thesis will validate the performance gains of small cell concept for the case study through extensive simulations. The impacts of femtocell in the network, the performance gain from femtocell and gain provided by different deployment strategies have been studied. Simulation results highlight the potential benefits of using femtocells in the network for extended broadband connectivity. With the femto increment the network performance increases up to a great extent

Taking Benefit of Diversity in RAN to Offload Delay-tolerant Traffic and Improve End-Users QoE

International audienceSince the introduction of smartphones and tablets into the market, mobile data traffic has shown an exponential growth. To cope with such mobile data explosion, offloading techniques were proposed. The main aim of offloading is to avoid transporting unnecessary traffic in costly networks without creating any additional incremental revenue. Offloading is addressed in this paper where we focus on the the interworking between 3GPP access and WiFi. Thus, we propose an economical model for offloading, capturing simultaneously the subscribers' conditions and the operators' preferences. Such model enables the operators to specify an offload strategy to increase their economical benefits without impacting their subscribers QoE

Energy efficiency heterogeneous wireless communication network with QoS support

The overarching goal of this thesis is to investigate network architectures, and find the trade-off between low overall energy use and maintaining the level of quality of service (QoS), or even improve it. The ubiquitous wireless communications environment supports the exploration of different network architectures and techniques, the so-called heterogeneous network. Two kinds of heterogeneous architectures are considered: a combined cellular and femtocell network and a combined cellular, femtocell and Wireless Local Area Network(WLAN) network. This thesis concludes that the investigated heterogeneous networks can significantly reduce the overall power consumption, depending on the uptake of femtocells and WLANs. Also, QoS remains high when the power consumption drops. The main energy saving is from reducing the macrocell base station embodied and operational energy. When QoS is evaluated based on the combined cellular and femtocell architecture, it is suggested that use of resource scheduling for femtocells within the macrocell is crucial since femtocell performance is affected significantly by interference when installed in a co-channel system. Additionally, the femtocell transmission power mode is investigated using either variable power level or a fixed power level. To achieve both energy efficiency and QoS, the choice of system configurations should change according to the density of the femtocell deployment. When combining deployment of femtocells with WLANs, more users are able to experience a higher QoS. Due to increasing of data traffic and smartphone usage in the future, WLANs are more important for offloading data from the macrocell, reducing power consumption and also increasing the bandwidth. The localised heterogeneous network is a promising technique for achieving power efficiency and a high QoS system

Analysis of femtocell for better reliability and high throughput

Abstract: An unrelenting need for mobile broadband data has become the norm for end users. Mobile operators are now faced with a challenge to deliver higher data rates thus has prompted developments for new innovations in mobile technology to satisfy this data hungry generation. Poor indoor building penetration have been a major stumbling block in achieving higher data rates as good signal strength of better quality influences higher data rates. Methods to solve indoor penetration problems such as cranking up power on existing base stations can be an alternate but this can potentially introduce high interference to the system and effectively decrease system capacity. Like in any other wireless communication environment, having a transmitter and receiver closer to each other will potentially increase signal strength thus effectively increasing signal quality and potentially higher data rates. This inevitably means more base stations need to be installed to improve coverage. This idea is not feasible ! in practice based on financial constraints using traditional macro and micro sites thus the emergence of FemtoCell seems to be a feasible endeavour. A FemtoCell BS is a self-installed low powered base station connected to the mobile operator via backhaul using IP connection. This device brings a lot of benefits such as Opex savings, increased spectral efficiency, improved battery life and higher data rates for customers resulting from increased signal Strength. In this paper an overview of advancement of cellular networks from legacy standards 2G to 4G-LTE/LTE-A and benefits/challenges of FemtoCell are analysed

Evaluating Performance of Data Mining Classification Algorithms in Diagnosing for offloading data traffic in mobile networks

Mobile data traffic is significantly increased year by year due to a number of factors including new smart devices, new applications such as M2M, the so-called “always-on” applications and services etc. In addition the recent studies tell us that the forecasts for mobile data traffic in near future will be tenfold higher, while the revenue for this market is expected to be increased only twofold. This trend raised a number of challenges for the mobile network operators (MNOs) in the world and in our region. Different technical and commercial solutions are discussed and developed and / or under developing. The first idea how to cope with high data traffic is to increase the network capacities. Even this is a direct traditional way as a technical solution it is too expensive and time consuming. Alternative ways to cope with data traffic in order to satisfy consumer demand and to keep key performance indicators are under developing. Some solutions in place are linked with traffic management tools such as data optimization, throttling, filtering, caching, video compression etc. In addition, new pricing policies and the adoption of the appropriate business models in new era of mobile data traffic are in the process. On top of the ways mentioned above or alternatively, Wi-Fi is considered as a simple way of data traffic off-load in mobile networks. In this article, we will identify the positive aspects of Wi-Fi offload versus other traffic management tools and draw some conclusions. We will give some recommendations how MNOs improve the situation for high data traffic through Wi-Fi offload solution, how Wi-Fi offload is related with other commercial aspects and quality of service in order to meet the customer satisfaction

Wi-Fi a simple and efficient way for offloading data traffic in mobile networks

Mobile data traffic is significantly increased year by year due to a number of factors including new smart devices, new applications such as M2M, the so-called “always-on” applications and services etc. In addition the recent studies tell us that the forecasts for mobile data traffic in near future will be tenfold higher, while the revenue for this market is expected to be increased only twofold. This trend raised a number of challenges for the mobile network operators (MNOs) in the world and in our region. Different technical and commercial solutions are discussed and developed and / or under developing. The first idea how to cope with high data traffic is to increase the network capacities. Even this is a direct traditional way as a technical solution it is too expensive and time consuming. Alternative ways to cope with data traffic in order to satisfy consumer demand and to keep key performance indicators are under developing. Some solutions in place are linked with traffic management tools such as data optimization, throttling, filtering, caching, video compression etc. In addition, new pricing policies and the adoption of the appropriate business models in new era of mobile data traffic are in the process. On top of the ways mentioned above or alternatively, Wi-Fi is considered as a simple way of data traffic off-load in mobile networks. In this article, we will identify the positive aspects of Wi-Fi offload versus other traffic management tools and draw some conclusions. We will give some recommendations how MNOs improve the situation for high data traffic through Wi-Fi offload solution, how Wi-Fi offload is related with other commercial aspects and quality of service in order to meet the customer satisfaction