10,454 research outputs found
Fairness Behind a Veil of Ignorance: A Welfare Analysis for Automated Decision Making
We draw attention to an important, yet largely overlooked aspect of
evaluating fairness for automated decision making systems---namely risk and
welfare considerations. Our proposed family of measures corresponds to the
long-established formulations of cardinal social welfare in economics, and is
justified by the Rawlsian conception of fairness behind a veil of ignorance.
The convex formulation of our welfare-based measures of fairness allows us to
integrate them as a constraint into any convex loss minimization pipeline. Our
empirical analysis reveals interesting trade-offs between our proposal and (a)
prediction accuracy, (b) group discrimination, and (c) Dwork et al.'s notion of
individual fairness. Furthermore and perhaps most importantly, our work
provides both heuristic justification and empirical evidence suggesting that a
lower-bound on our measures often leads to bounded inequality in algorithmic
outcomes; hence presenting the first computationally feasible mechanism for
bounding individual-level inequality.Comment: Conference: Thirty-second Conference on Neural Information Processing
Systems (NIPS 2018
Deformable Part-based Fully Convolutional Network for Object Detection
Existing region-based object detectors are limited to regions with fixed box
geometry to represent objects, even if those are highly non-rectangular. In
this paper we introduce DP-FCN, a deep model for object detection which
explicitly adapts to shapes of objects with deformable parts. Without
additional annotations, it learns to focus on discriminative elements and to
align them, and simultaneously brings more invariance for classification and
geometric information to refine localization. DP-FCN is composed of three main
modules: a Fully Convolutional Network to efficiently maintain spatial
resolution, a deformable part-based RoI pooling layer to optimize positions of
parts and build invariance, and a deformation-aware localization module
explicitly exploiting displacements of parts to improve accuracy of bounding
box regression. We experimentally validate our model and show significant
gains. DP-FCN achieves state-of-the-art performances of 83.1% and 80.9% on
PASCAL VOC 2007 and 2012 with VOC data only.Comment: Accepted to BMVC 2017 (oral
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