A Review of Technical Issues on IDS and Alerts

The fact that swindlers can trick computer and mobile systems to commit different criminal offenses have to lead to the current advancement in the domain of Intrusion Detection Systems (IDSs). While the toolkits are growing mechanisms for monitoring, analyzing, gathering and reporting activities that can endanger computer and mobile systems, however, they are frequently subjected to series of fiery debates over the years. Thus, a wide range of taxonomy has been proposed to clarify their strengths and weaknesses. Nonetheless, researchers often reticent from critical issues associated with the “used alerts” and “unused alerts” that the toolkits can generate to warn analysts. Thus, this paper presents the progression of the above mechanisms over the years; and exhaustively explains some salient issues that were faulted in the previous reviews. Finally, we suggest various ways to improve the efficacy of the toolkits and how to lessen cases of intrusions across the globe

Comparison of recovery requirements with investigation requirements for intrusion management systems

Thesis (Master)--Izmir Institute of Technology, Computer Engineering, Izmir, 2002Includes bibliographical references (leaves: 52-54)Text in English; Abstract: Turkish and Englishix, 54 leavesComputer systems resources and all data contained in the system may need to be protected against the increasing number of unauthorized access, manipulation and malicious intrusions. This thesis is concerned with intrusion management systems and specially with their investigation and recovery subsystems. The goals of these systems are to investigate intrusion attempts and recover from intrusions as fast as possible. In order to achieve these goals me should observe the fact that some of the intrusion attempts will be eventually successful should be accepted and necessary precautions should be taken.After an intrusion has taken place, the focus should be on the assessment:looking at what damage has occurred, how it happened, what changes can be made to prevent such attacks in the future. In this thesis, requirements of investigation and recovery process are determined and related guidelines developed. The similarities and differences between these guidelines are explained

Are You Ready? A Proposed Framework For The Assessment Of Digital Forensic Readiness

This dissertation develops a framework to assess Digital Forensic Readiness (DFR) in organizations. DFR is the state of preparedness to obtain, understand, and present digital evidence when needed. This research collects indicators of digital forensic readiness from a systematic literature review. More than one thousand indicators were found and semantically analyzed to identify the dimensions to where they belong. These dimensions were subjected to a q-sort test and validated using association rules, producing a preliminary framework of DFR for practitioners. By classifying these indicators into dimensions, it was possible to distill them into 71 variables further classified into either extant or perceptual variables. Factor analysis was used to identify latent factors within the two groups of variables. A statistically-based framework to assess DFR is presented, wherein the extant indicators are used as a proxy of the real DFR status and the perceptual factors as the perception of this status

Standards and practices necessary to implement a successful security review program for intrusion management systems

Thesis (Master)--Izmir Institute of Technology, Computer Engineering, Izmir, 2002Includes bibliographical references (leaves: 84-85)Text in English; Abstract: Turkish and Englishviii, 91 leavesIntrusion Management Systems are being used to prevent the information systems from successful intrusions and their consequences. They also have detection features. They try to detect intrusions, which have passed the implemented measures. Also the recovery of the system after a successful intrusion is made by the Intrusion Management Systems. The investigation of the intrusion is made by Intrusion Management Systems also. These functions can be existent in an intrusion management system model, which has a four layers architecture. The layers of the model are avoidance, assurance, detection and recovery. At the avoidance layer necessary policies, standards and practices are implemented to prevent the information system from successful intrusions. At the avoidance layer, the effectiveness of implemented measures are measured by some test and reviews. At the detection layer the identification of an intrusion or intrusion attempt is made in the real time. The recovery layer is responsible from restoring the information system after a successful intrusion. It has also functions to investigate the intrusion. Intrusion Management Systems are used to protect information and computer assets from intrusions. An organization aiming to protect its assets must use such a system. After the implementation of the system, continuous reviews must be conducted in order to ensure the effectiveness of the measures taken. Such a review can achieve its goal by using principles and standards. In this thesis, the principles necessary to implement a successful review program for Intrusion Management Systems have been developed in the guidance of Generally Accepted System Security Principles (GASSP). These example principles are developed for tools of each Intrusion Management System layer. These tools are firewalls for avoidance layer, vulnerability scanners for assurance layer, intrusion detection systems for detection layer and integrity checkers for recovery layer of Intrusion Management Systems

A Review on Computer Forensics

Activities cyber crimes have become worse important part of everyday life in both the corporate world and the general public. The phenomenon of digital crime achieved what one might call the overwhelming factor. This explores the need for computer forensics to exercise effective and legal way, and describe the basic technical issues, and a reference point for further reading. It promotes the idea that competent practice in computer science and awareness of the fundamental laws of the retina for organizations today. This is an important topic for managers who need to understand how come a strategic element of computer science in the public information organization IT security. Network administrators and other IT security staff members need to understand the issues related to computer science. Those who work in the field of corporate governance, legal services, information technology, or find an overview of Sciences

Performance Metrics for Network Intrusion Systems

Intrusion systems have been the subject of considerable research during the past 33 years, since the original work of Anderson. Much has been published attempting to improve their performance using advanced data processing techniques including neural nets, statistical pattern recognition and genetic algorithms. Whilst some significant improvements have been achieved they are often the result of assumptions that are difficult to justify and comparing performance between different research groups is difficult. The thesis develops a new approach to defining performance focussed on comparing intrusion systems and technologies. A new taxonomy is proposed in which the type of output and the data scale over which an intrusion system operates is used for classification. The inconsistencies and inadequacies of existing definitions of detection are examined and five new intrusion levels are proposed from analogy with other detection-based technologies. These levels are known as detection, recognition, identification, confirmation and prosecution, each representing an increase in the information output from, and functionality of, the intrusion system. These levels are contrasted over four physical data scales, from application/host through to enterprise networks, introducing and developing the concept of a footprint as a pictorial representation of the scope of an intrusion system. An intrusion is now defined as “an activity that leads to the violation of the security policy of a computer system”. Five different intrusion technologies are illustrated using the footprint with current challenges also shown to stimulate further research. Integrity in the presence of mixed trust data streams at the highest intrusion level is identified as particularly challenging. Two metrics new to intrusion systems are defined to quantify performance and further aid comparison. Sensitivity is introduced to define basic detectability of an attack in terms of a single parameter, rather than the usual four currently in use. Selectivity is used to describe the ability of an intrusion system to discriminate between attack types. These metrics are quantified experimentally for network intrusion using the DARPA 1999 dataset and SNORT. Only nine of the 58 attack types present were detected with sensitivities in excess of 12dB indicating that detection performance of the attack types present in this dataset remains a challenge. The measured selectivity was also poor indicting that only three of the attack types could be confidently distinguished. The highest value of selectivity was 3.52, significantly lower than the theoretical limit of 5.83 for the evaluated system. Options for improving selectivity and sensitivity through additional measurements are examined.Stochastic Systems Lt

Visualization for network forensic analyses: extending the Forensic Log Investigator (FLI)

In a network attack investigation, the mountain of information collected from varying sources can be daunting. Investigators face significant challenges in being able to correlate findings from these sources, given difficulties with time synchronization. In addition, it is difficult to obtain summary or overview information for one set of data, much less the entire case. This, in turn, makes it nearly impossible to accurately identify missing information.;Identifying these information gaps is one problem, yet another is filling them in. Investigators must rely on legal processes and requests to obtain the information they need. However, it is extremely important they are aware of cases or events that cross jurisdictional boundaries. Where tools exist to assist in evidence overview, they do not contain the necessary geographic information for investigators to quickly ascertain the location of those involved.;In addition to these difficulties, investigators need to perform several types of analysis on the evidence that has been collected. Several of these analyses cannot typically be performed on data from multiple log files, since they are based on timing data. Furthermore, it is difficult to understand results from these analyses without visual representation, and there are no tools to bring them together in a single frame.;This thesis details the design and implementation of an analysis and visualization extension for the Forensic Log Investigator, or FLI. FLI is a web-based analysis and visualization architecture built on advanced technologies and enterprise infrastructure. This extension assists investigators by providing the ability to correlate evidence and analysis across traditional log file and analysis method boundaries, identify information gaps, and perform analysis in accordance with published evidence handling guidelines

Ethics_ How to Develop Your Firm\u27s Cybersecurity Policy

Meeting proceedings of a seminar by the same name, held August 30, 2022