40,798 research outputs found
THz Metamaterial Characterization Using THz-TDS
The purpose of this chapter is to familiarize the reader with metamaterials and describe terahertz (THz) spectroscopy within metamaterials research. The introduction provides key background information on metamaterials, describes their history and their unique properties. These properties include negative refraction, backwards phase propagation, and the reversed Doppler Effect. The history and theory of metamaterials are discussed, starting with Veselago’s negative index materials work and Pendry’s publications on physical realization of metamaterials. The next sections cover measurement and analyses of THz metamaterials. THz Time-domain spectroscopy (THz-TDS) will be the key measurement tool used to describe the THz metamaterial measurement process. Sample transmission data from a metamaterial THz-TDS measurement is analyzed to give a better understanding of the different frequency characteristics of metamaterials. The measurement and analysis sections are followed by a section on the fabrication process of metamaterials. After familiarizing the reader with THz metamaterial measurement and fabrication techniques, the final section will provide a review of various methods by which metamaterials are made active and/or tunable. Several novel concepts were demonstrated in recent years to achieve such metamaterials, including photoconductivity, high electron mobility transistor (HEMT), microelectromechanical systems (MEMS), and phase change material (PCM)-based metamaterial structures
THz Metamaterial Characterization Using THz-TDS
The purpose of this chapter is to familiarize the reader with metamaterials and describe terahertz (THz) spectroscopy within metamaterials research. The introduction provides key background information on metamaterials, describes their history and their unique properties. These properties include negative refraction, backwards phase propagation, and the reversed Doppler Effect. The history and theory of metamaterials are discussed, starting with Veselago’s negative index materials work and Pendry’s publications on physical realization of metamaterials. The next sections cover measurement and analyses of THz metamaterials. THz Time-domain spectroscopy (THz-TDS) will be the key measurement tool used to describe the THz metamaterial measurement process. Sample transmission data from a metamaterial THz-TDS measurement is analyzed to give a better understanding of the different frequency characteristics of metamaterials. The measurement and analysis sections are followed by a section on the fabrication process of metamaterials. After familiarizing the reader with THz metamaterial measurement and fabrication techniques, the final section will provide a review of various methods by which metamaterials are made active and/or tunable. Several novel concepts were demonstrated in recent years to achieve such metamaterials, including photoconductivity, high electron mobility transistor (HEMT), microelectromechanical systems (MEMS), and phase change material (PCM)-based metamaterial structures
Self-assembled hexagonal double fishnets as negative index materials
We show experimentally the successful use of colloidal lithography for the
fabrication of negative index metamaterials in the near-infrared wavelength
range. In particular, we investigated a specific implementation of the widely
studied double fishnet metamaterials, consisting of a gold-silica-gold layer
stack perforated by a hexagonal array of round holes. Tuning of the hole
diameter allows us to tailor these self-assembled metamaterials both as single-
({\epsilon} < 0) and double ({\epsilon} < 0 and {\mu} < 0) negative
metamaterials
Plasmon Injection to Compensate and Control Losses in Negative Index Metamaterials
Metamaterials have introduced a whole new world of unusual materials with
functionalities that cannot be attained in naturally occurring material systems
by mimicking and controlling the natural phenomena at subwavelength scales.
However, the inherent absorption losses pose fundamental challenge to the most
fascinating applications of metamaterials. Based on a novel plasmon injection
(PI or \Pi) scheme, we propose a coherent optical amplification technique to
compensate losses in metamaterials. Although the proof of concept device here
operates under normal incidence only, our proposed scheme can be generalized to
arbitrary form of incident waves. The \Pi-scheme is fundamentally different
than major optical amplification schemes. It does not require gain medium,
interaction with phonons, or any nonlinear medium. The \Pi-scheme allows for
loss-free metamaterials. It is ideally suited for mitigating losses in
metamaterials operating in the visible spectrum and is scalable to other
optical frequencies. These findings open the possibility of reviving the early
dreams of making 'magical' metamaterials from scratch.Comment: Main text, 8 pages with 4 figures; supplemental material, 21 pages
with 21 figure
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