6,473 research outputs found
A Parallel Decomposition Scheme for Solving Long-Horizon Optimal Control Problems
We present a temporal decomposition scheme for solving long-horizon optimal
control problems. In the proposed scheme, the time domain is decomposed into a
set of subdomains with partially overlapping regions. Subproblems associated
with the subdomains are solved in parallel to obtain local primal-dual
trajectories that are assembled to obtain the global trajectories. We provide a
sufficient condition that guarantees convergence of the proposed scheme. This
condition states that the effect of perturbations on the boundary conditions
(i.e., initial state and terminal dual/adjoint variable) should decay
asymptotically as one moves away from the boundaries. This condition also
reveals that the scheme converges if the size of the overlap is sufficiently
large and that the convergence rate improves with the size of the overlap. We
prove that linear quadratic problems satisfy the asymptotic decay condition,
and we discuss numerical strategies to determine if the condition holds in more
general cases. We draw upon a non-convex optimal control problem to illustrate
the performance of the proposed scheme
A Natural Value Unit - Econophysics as Arbiter between Finance and Economics
Foreign exchange markets show that currency units (= accounting or nominal
price units) are variables. Technical and economic progress evidence that the
consumer baskets (= purchasing power units or real price units) are also
variables. In contrast, all physical measurement units are constants and either
defined in the SI (= metric) convention or based upon natural constants (=
"natural" or Planck units). Econophysics can identify a constant natural value
scale or vaue unit (natural numaraire) based upon Planck energy. In honour of
the economist L. Walras, this "Planck value" could be called walras (Wal),
thereby using the SI naming convention. One Wal can be shown to have a
physiological and an economic interpretation in that it is equal to the annual
minimal real cost of physiological life of a reference person at minimal
activity. The price of one Wal in terms of any currency can be estimated by
hedonic regression techniques used in inflation measurement (axiometry). This
pilot research uses official disaggregated Swiss Producer and Consumer Price
Index data and estimates the hedonic walras price (HWP), quoted in Swiss francs
in 2003, and its inverse, the physical purchasing power (PhPP) of the Swiss
franc in 2003.Comment: 19 pages, 1 table, Appendix with 2 tables, RevTex4, APFA5 200
Achieving an optimal trade-off between revenue and energy peak within a smart grid environment
We consider an energy provider whose goal is to simultaneously set
revenue-maximizing prices and meet a peak load constraint. In our bilevel
setting, the provider acts as a leader (upper level) that takes into account a
smart grid (lower level) that minimizes the sum of users' disutilities. The
latter bases its decisions on the hourly prices set by the leader, as well as
the schedule preferences set by the users for each task. Considering both the
monopolistic and competitive situations, we illustrate numerically the validity
of the approach, which achieves an 'optimal' trade-off between three
objectives: revenue, user cost, and peak demand
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