4,559 research outputs found
On small proofs of Bell-Kochen-Specker theorem for two, three and four qubits
The Bell-Kochen-Specker theorem (BKS) theorem rules out realistic {\it
non-contextual} theories by resorting to impossible assignments of rays among a
selected set of maximal orthogonal bases. We investigate the geometrical
structure of small BKS-proofs involving real rays and
-dimensional bases of -qubits (). Specifically, we look at the
parity proof 18-9 with two qubits (A. Cabello, 1996), the parity proof 36-11
with three qubits (M. Kernaghan & A. Peres, 1995 \cite{Kernaghan1965}) and a
newly discovered non-parity proof 80-21 with four qubits (that improves work of
P. K Aravind's group in 2008). The rays in question arise as real eigenstates
shared by some maximal commuting sets (bases) of operators in the -qubit
Pauli group. One finds characteristic signatures of the distances between the
bases, which carry various symmetries in their graphs.Comment: version to appear in European Physical Journal Plu
Five-Qubit Contextuality, Noise-Like Distribution of Distances Between Maximal Bases and Finite Geometry
Employing five commuting sets of five-qubit observables, we propose specific
160-661 and 160-21 state proofs of the Bell-Kochen-Specker theorem that are
also proofs of Bell's theorem. A histogram of the 'Hilbert-Schmidt' distances
between the corresponding maximal bases shows in both cases a noise-like
behaviour. The five commuting sets are also ascribed a finite-geometrical
meaning in terms of the structure of symplectic polar space W(9,2).Comment: 10 pages, 2 figure
Self-administering arithmetic enrichment activities for the more rapid learner
Thesis (Ed.M.)--Boston Universit
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