Distrofia vulvar crônica sempre a mesma?

Trabalho de Conclusão de Curso - Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Departamento de Tocoginecologia, Curso de Medicina, Florianópolis, 199

Deliverable 3.3 applicability of framework part VI : 1st run application of Strait of Sicily case study

This deliverable D2.2 comprises a manual containing the protocol for the application of the generic framework to the MESMA case studies. The generic framework (deliverable D2.1) is the central document for the subsequent work packages of MESMA. It provides a best practice guide for monitoring and evaluation of Spatially Managed Areas (SMA) in seven distinctive and clearly outlined steps which comprise 1) setting the context, 2) collation of existing information and mapping, 3) setting of targets, 4) risk analysis and state assessment, 5) assessment of findings against operational objectives, 6) evaluation of the effectiveness of management measures and 7) adaptation of the current management regime based on the outcome of the assessments (for details see D2.1). Although the framework has been developed as a generic tool for use by a range of people involved in evaluating SMAs, the first version of the manual was specifically tailored (in certain areas) for use by the case studies (WP3 of MESMA). It was designed to be an aid to the case studies applying the framework. Thus, feedback on the performance of the framework and manual is guiding the production of a revised framework and manual (D2.3) to be delivered in November 2012. The revised versions will be made available to the wider scientific community and management bodies. This document is the third version of the original document D2.2. As outlined in more detail in D2.1, we have identified several links between the WP2 framework on the one hand and a structured governance analysis (WP6) on the other. These links are indicated in the respective framework steps. The MESMA generic framework and manual does not accommodate for a comprehensivec governance analysis. Therefore the MESMA case study research has two streams – the MESMA framework and the governance research analysis. Governance issues in all MESMA case studies will be analysed through the WP6 Governance Analytical Structure. Further guidance on governance research has been developed and is available in a separate document entitled ‘Guidelines for MESMA WP6 Governance Research’. The WP6 governance research essentially aims to address the following questions: 1) What are the governance approaches and incentives being adopted in a given existing initiative with spatial elements, and how effective are the incentives and governance approaches in that particular context in achieving a particular priority objective? 2) What are the potential incentives and governance approaches that could be implemented to improve effectiveness in achieving the specific objective of an existing initiative and addressing related conflicts? 3) How do wider issues, such as top-down/bottom-up balance, inter-sectoral integration and power, cross-border issues, justice and different levels of knowledge, affect the effectiveness of existing initiatives? This ‘two stream’ approach will provide a clear way forward for combining the MESMA framework and governance research to the case studies in an integrated and coherent manner. As a result, in depth governance analysis covered by the governance work package is outlined briefly in the introduction of each framework step together with specific actions which will be largely carried out under the governance research. Further details on the WP6 governance analysis and on how the two streams of work will be linked from a WP6 governance perspective can be found in the document ‘Guidelines for MESMA WP6 Governance Research’, and Appendix 1 of this document shows a visualisation of the linkages between the two streams of work. It should be noted that in order to be able to link and integrate WP2 and WP6 research, both of the following conditions should be met: 1) Both WP2 and WP6 research are about analysing an existing initiative. Such an initiative may be an integrated marine spatial plan or part of the integrated plan; or if there is no integrated marine spatial plan in place, an existing initiative with spatial elements (e.g. sectoral management plan with spatial restrictions) which may be linked or offer valuable lessons to the future development of an integrated marine spatial plan. 2) WP2 and WP6 research should focus on the same priority objective for at least one run of the WP2 framework. The practical implementation of the framework is also linked to specific tools which will be identified and developed in WP4 and the data handling standards specified in WP5. A revised version of the manual should then interlink the actions underneath each framework step with a set of practical tools comprising technical and conceptual tools.peer-reviewe

Deliverable 1.1 review document on the management of marine areas with particular regard on concepts, objectives, frameworks and tools to implement, monitor, and evaluate spatially managed areas

The main objectives if this document were to review the existing information on spatial management of marine areas, identifying the relevant policy objectives, to identify parameters linked to the success or failure of the various Spatially Managed marine Areas (SMAs) regimes, to report on methods and tools used in monitoring and evaluation of the state of SMAs, and to identify gaps and weaknesses in the existing frameworks in relation to the implementation, monitoring, evaluation and management of SMAs. The document is naturally divided in two sections: Section 1 reviews the concepts, objectives, drivers, policy and management framework, and extraneous factors related to the design, implementation and evaluation of SMAs; Section 2 reviews the tools and methods to monitor and evaluate seabed habitats and marine populations.peer-reviewe

Evidência sobre aquisições consecutivas pela mesma empresa compradora

Dissertação de mestrado em FinançasO presente estudo procurou evidência empírica relativamente às rendibilidades que as empresas compradoras conseguiam quando iniciavam uma série de aquisições consecutivas. A literatura revela que estas rendibilidades variam consoante o tipo de empresa que se adquire, método de pagamento utilizado e tamanho relativo do negócio. Revela ainda que o padrão das rendibilidades na série de aquisições consecutivas pode ser positivo ou negativo. Através da metodologia de estudo de eventos e seguindo o modelo de mercado ajustado para as janelas de evento de três, cinco e onze dias à volta do anúncio de aquisição, procurou-se, por intermédio de análise univariada e multivariada, descobrir evidência sobre como o tipo de empresa adquirida, o método de pagamento utilizado e o tamanho relativo do negócio influenciavam as rendibilidades anormais. Foi também analisado o padrão das rendibilidades ao longo da série de aquisições. As empresas compradoras pertencem ao mercado do Reino Unido e as empresas alvo ao mercado da UE15. As aquisições consecutivas foram definidas como a compra de três ou mais empresas num espaço de cinco anos. Poderiam ser adquiridas empresas públicas, privadas e subsidiárias e a transação foi dividida entre negócios a dinheiro e negócios a outros métodos. Os resultados demonstram que as aquisições geram rendibilidades positivas para a empresa compradora de 1,37% e que, a aquisição de empresas privadas e subsidiárias revelam rendibilidades positivas. Dentro dos diferentes métodos de pagamento, a aquisição de empresas privadas obtém rendibilidades superiores quando a compra é efetuada a outros métodos e as subsidiárias quando a aquisição é efetuada a dinheiro. Os resultados mostram também que existe um padrão negativo nas rendibilidades da série de aquisições. A análise para o tamanho relativo conclui que, à medida que este aumenta, existe um aumento das rendibilidades para a empresa compradora quando adquire empresas privadas ou subsidiárias. O inverso acontece com compra de empresas públicas.This paper searches for empirical evidence about acquirer company returns when they engage in a series of consecutive acquisitions. Literature tells that these returns are influenced by the status of the target company, the method of payment, and the relative size of the deal. Furthermore, it reveals that the returns pattern can be either positive or negative. Through event study methodology and using the adjusted market model for three, five, and eleven event window days and doing univariate and multivariate analysis, it was investigated what kind of influence the target company status, the method of payment, and the relative size of the deal have in the acquirer company returns. It was also analyzed which pattern the returns have during the series of acquisitions. The acquirer companies are public companies based on the United Kingdom and the target companies are from EU15. A company is classified as frequent acquirer and makes consecutive acquisitions in case of three or more acquisitions during a five-year period time. Target company status is divided in public companies, private companies, and subsidiary companies. The method of payment is divided in cash deals and non-cash deals. The results show that acquirer companies have positive and significant returns of 1.37%. They also show that the acquisition of private or subsidiary companies yield positive returns. Analyzing the method of payment, it shows that the returns of private companies’ acquisitions are higher when it is a non-cash deal. The acquisition of subsidiary companies yields higher returns when the deal is made in cash. The results also show that consecutive acquisitions have a negative pattern, meaning that the first acquisitions from the series have higher returns than the last ones. The analysis of the relative size shows that there is a positive relation between the increase in the relative size and higher returns. This is true for the acquisition of private and subsidiary companies but, when the acquired company is public, it has the opposite effect

Deliverable 3.6 zoning plan of case studies : evaluation of spatial management options for the case studies

Within MESMA, nine case studies (CS) represent discrete marine European spatial entities, at different spatial scales, where a spatial marine management framework is in place, under development or considered. These CS (described in more details below) are chosen in such a way (MESMA D. 3.1 ) that they encompass the complexity of accommodating the various user functions of the marine landscape in various regions of the European marine waters. While human activities at sea are competing for space, there is also growing awareness of the possible negative effects of these human activities on the marine ecosystem. As such, system specific management options are required, satisfying current and future sectoral needs, while safeguarding the marine ecosystem from further detoriation. This integrated management approach is embedded in the concept of ecosystem based management (EBM). The goal of marine EBM is to maintain marine ecosystems in a healthy, productive and resilient condition, making it possible that they sustain human use and provide the goods and services required by society (McLeod et al. 2005). Therefore EBM is an environmental mangagement approach that recognises the interactions within a marine ecosystem, including humans. Hence, EBM does not consider single issues, species or ecosystems good and services in isolation. Operationalisation of EBM can be done through place-based or spatial management approaches (Lackey 1998), such as marine spatial planning (MSP). MSP is a public process of analysing and allocating the spatial and temporal distribution of human activities aiming at achieving ecological, economic and social objectives. These objectives are usually formulated through political processes (Douvere et al. 2007, Douvere 2008). Within MESMA, a spatially managed area (SMA) is then defined as “a geographical area within which marine spatial planning initiatives exist in the real world”. Marine spatial planning initiatives refer to existing management measures actually in place within a defined area, or in any stage of a process of putting management in place, e.g. plans or recommendations for a particular area. Management can include management for marine protection (e.g. in MPAs), or management for sectoral objectives (e.g. building a wind farm to meet renewable energy objectives). Within MESMA, SMAs can have different spatial scales. A SMA can be a small, specific area that is managed/planned to be managed for one specific purpose, but it can also be a larger area within which lots of plans or ‘usage zones’ exist. This definition is different from the definition mentioned in the DoW (page 60). The original definition was adapted during a CS leader workshop (2-4 May 2012 in Gent, Belgium) and formally accepted by the MESMA ExB during the ExB meeting in Cork (29-30 May 2012). MSP should result in a marine spatial management plan that will produce the desired future trough explicit decisions about the location and timing of human activities. Ehler & Douvere (2009) consider this spatial management as a beginning toward the the implementation of desired goals and objectives. They describe the spatial management plan as a comprehensive, strategic document that provides the framework and direction for marine spatial management decisions. The plan should identify when, where and how goals and objectives will be met. Zoning (the development of zoning plans) is often an important management measure to implement spatial management plans. The purpose of a zoning plan (Ehler & Douvere 2009) is: To provide protection for biologically and ecologically important habitats, ecosystems, and ecological processes. To seperate conflicting human activities, or to combine compatible activities. To protect the natural values of the marine management area (in MESMA terminology: the SMA) while allowing reasonable human uses of the area. To allocate areas for reasonable human uses while minimising the effects of these human uses on each other, and nature. To preserve some areas of the SMA in their natural state undisturbed by humans except for scientific and educational purposes.peer-reviewe

Promover a interação entre crianças da mesma idade

Dissertação de Mestrado/Relatório de Estágio - Especialização em Pré Escolar, apresentada à Escola Superior de Educação de Paula FrassinettiA criança apreende o mundo através das relações e interações que faz com as pessoas que a rodeiam, sendo elas adultas ou da mesma idade. Por meio das relações, as crianças partilham experiências, partilham conhecimento, constroem valores de cooperação, solidariedade e respeito pelo outro. É impossível referirmo-nos à educação infantil sem nos referirmos a estas relações e às vantagens que acarretam para as crianças. A interação entre crianças é, sem dúvida, um dos fatores mais importantes no seu desenvolvimento, mas essa interação acarreta vários comportamentos. É neste contexto que, o presente relatório pretende fazer uma apresentação e reflexão sobre a importância das interações em contexto pré-escolar. Assim como referir o papel elementar do adulto na promoção destas interaçõesThe relationship and interactions that the child makes with people around him/her, more mature or with the same age, make him/her perceive the world. Through these relationships, children share experiences and knowledge but also, they build values of cooperation, solidarity and respect for others. It’s impossible for us to talk about child education without referring to these relations and the advantages that they bring to children. The interaction between children is undoubtedly a major factor in their development, but this interaction leads to various behaviors. It’s in this context that this report intends to present and debate the importance of interactions in pre-school context, and the role of the adult to promote these interactions

Competência Intercultural e Sustentabilidade: duas faces da mesma moeda

Não basta falarmos num justo e equilibrado aproveitamento dos recursos, se temos por preocupação salvarmos o nosso planeta. Além do mais, para que se processe esta partilha dos recursos dentro dos princípios elementares do humanismo é imperioso que nos preocupemos mais com a condição humana, com a paz, com a procura de formas de cohabitação e de intercâmbio mais justas. Falarmos hoje de ecologia, significa, em primeiro lugar, reflectirmos sobre a qualidade de vida das camadas populacionais em todos os continentes; procurarmos a todo o custo a manutenção da paz universal; o respeito pelo indivíduo, independentemente do grupo social a que pertence, independentemente da sua origem étnica, do seu credo, do seu género e do seu grupo etário. Precisamos urgentemente de novas estratégias que nos ajudem a ultrapassar as barreiras existentes entre culturas