452 research outputs found
Lithium Niobate Optical Waveguides and Microwaveguides
Lithium niobate has attracted much attention since the 1970s due to its capacity to modify the light by means of an electric control. In this chapter, we review the evolution of electro-optical (EO) lithium niobate waveguides throughout the years, from Ti-indiffused waveguides to photonic crystals. The race toward ever smaller EO components with ever-lower optical losses and power consumption has stimulated numerous studies, the challenge consisting of strongly confining the light while preserving low losses. We show how waveguides have evolved toward ridges or thin film-based microguides to increase the EO efficiency and reduce the driving voltage. In particular, a focus is made on an easy-to-implement technique using a circular precision saw to produce thin ridge waveguides or suspended membranes with low losses
High-Performance Silicon Photonic Single-Sideband Modulators for Cold Atom Interferometry
The most complicated and challenging system within a light-pulse atom
interferometer (LPAI) is the laser system, which controls the frequencies and
intensities of multiple laser beams over time to configure quantum gravity and
inertial sensors. The main function of an LPAI laser system is to perform
cold-atom generation and state-selective detection and to generate coherent
two-photon process for the light-pulse sequence. Substantial miniaturization
and ruggedization of the laser system can be achieved by bringing together most
key functions of the laser and optical system onto a photonic integrated
circuit (PIC). Here we demonstrate a high-performance silicon photonic
carrier-suppressed single-sideband (CS-SSB) modulator PIC with dual-parallel
Mach-Zehnder modulators (DP-MZMs) operating near 1560 nm, which can dynamically
shift the frequency of the light for the desired function within the LPAI.
Independent RF control of channels in SSB modulator enables the extensive study
of imbalances in both the optical and RF phases and amplitudes to
simultaneously reach 30 dB carrier suppression and unprecedented 47.8 dB
sideband suppression with peak conversion efficiency of -6.846 dB (20.7 %).
Using a silicon photonic SSB modulator with time-multiplexed frequency shifting
in an LPAI laser system, we demonstrate cold-atom generation, state-selective
detection, and the realization of atom interferometer fringes to estimate
gravitational acceleration, , in a
Rubidium (Rb) atom system.Comment: 18 pages, 9 figure
Integrated Photonic Platforms for Quantum Technology: A Review
Quantum information processing has conceptually changed the way we process
and transmit information. Quantum physics, which explains the strange behaviour
of matter at the microscopic dimensions, has matured into a quantum technology
that can harness this strange behaviour for technological applications with
far-reaching consequences, which uses quantum bits (qubits) for information
processing. Experiments suggest that photons are the most successful candidates
for realising qubits, which indicates that integrated photonic platforms will
play a crucial role in realising quantum technology. This paper surveys the
various photonic platforms based on different materials for quantum information
processing. The future of this technology depends on the successful materials
that can be used to universally realise quantum devices, similar to silicon,
which shaped the industry towards the end of the last century. Though a
prediction is implausible at this point, we provide an overview of the current
status of research on the platforms based on various materials.Comment: 48 pages, 3 figure
Ultra-low loss integrated visible photonics using thin-film lithium niobate
Integrated photonics is a powerful platform that can improve the performance
and stability of optical systems, while providing low-cost, small-footprint and
scalable alternatives to implementations based on free-space optics. While
great progress has been made on the development of low-loss integrated
photonics platforms at telecom wavelengths, visible wavelength range has
received less attention. Yet, many applications utilize visible or near-visible
light, including those in optical imaging, optogenetics, and quantum science
and technology. Here we demonstrate an ultra-low loss integrated visible
photonics platform based on thin film lithium niobate on insulator. Our
waveguides feature ultra-low propagation loss of 6 dB/m, while our microring
resonators have an intrinsic quality factor of 11 million, both measured at 637
nm wavelength. Additionally, we demonstrate an on-chip visible intensity
modulator with an electro-optic bandwidth of 10 GHz, limited by the detector
used. The ultra-low loss devices demonstrated in this work, together with the
strong second- and third-order nonlinearities in lithium niobate, open up new
opportunities for creating novel passive, and active devices for frequency
metrology and quantum information processing in the visible spectrum range
Lithium niobate photonic-crystal electro-optic modulator
Modern advanced photonic integrated circuits require dense integration of
high-speed electro-optic functional elements on a compact chip that consumes
only moderate power. Energy efficiency, operation speed, and device dimension
are thus crucial metrics underlying almost all current developments of photonic
signal processing units. Recently, thin-film lithium niobate (LN) emerges as a
promising platform for photonic integrated circuits. Here we make an important
step towards miniaturizing functional components on this platform, reporting
probably the smallest high-speed LN electro-optic modulators, based upon
photonic crystal nanobeam resonators. The devices exhibit a significant tuning
efficiency up to 1.98 GHz/V, a broad modulation bandwidth of 17.5 GHz, while
with a tiny electro-optic modal volume of only 0.58 . The
modulators enable efficient electro-optic driving of high-Q photonic cavity
modes in both adiabatic and non-adiabatic regimes, and allow us to achieve
electro-optic switching at 11 Gb/s with a bit-switching energy as low as 22 fJ.
The demonstration of energy efficient and high-speed electro-optic modulation
at the wavelength scale paves a crucial foundation for realizing large-scale LN
photonic integrated circuits that are of immense importance for broad
applications in data communication, microwave photonics, and quantum photonics
Single-photon detection and cryogenic reconfigurability in Lithium Niobate nanophotonic circuits
Lithium-Niobate-On-Insulator (LNOI) is emerging as a promising platform for
integrated quantum photonic technologies because of its high second-order
nonlinearity and compact waveguide footprint. Importantly, LNOI allows for
creating electro-optically reconfigurable circuits, which can be efficiently
operated at cryogenic temperature. Their integration with superconducting
nanowire single-photon detectors (SNSPDs) paves the way for realizing scalable
photonic devices for active manipulation and detection of quantum states of
light. Here we report the first demonstration of these two key components
integrated in a low loss (0.2 dB/cm) LNOI waveguide network. As an experimental
showcase of our technology, we demonstrate the combined operation of an
electrically tunable Mach-Zehnder interferometer and two waveguide-integrated
SNSPDs at its outputs. We show static reconfigurability of our system with a
bias-drift-free operation over a time of 12 hours, as well as high-speed
modulation at a frequency up to 1 GHz. Our results provide blueprints for
implementing complex quantum photonic devices on the LNOI platform
Aspectos de interconectividade dos moduladores de polímero
Orientador: Hugo Enrique Hernández-FigueroaTese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Engenharia Elétrica e de ComputaçãoResumo: As interconexões ópticas e elétricas são de grande interese na area de encapsulamento de circuitos integrados híbridos fotônicos. Baixas perdas e banda larga são necessárias para o desenvolvimento de novas tecnologías na área. Nesta tese apresentan-se as seguintes contribuições originais: uma metodologia do modelamento de interconexões elétricas em encapsulamento de moduladores de polímero eletro-óptico, um dispositivo óptico compacto de banda larga para interconectar a plataforma de silício sobre isolante com a plataforma de filmes finos de polímero sobre silícioAbstract: Electrical and optical interconnects are of great interest for photonic integrated circuits with hybrid platforms. Low loss and wide band are essential for the development of new technologies in this area. In this thesis, we present the following original contributions: a methodology for modeling electrical ceramic interconnects inside an electrooptic polymer packaging, and a compact low-loss optical interconnect for the silicon-on-insulator platform to the thin-film polymer on silicon platformDoutoradoTelecomunicações e TelemáticaDoutor em Engenharia Elétrica07/2014-36CAPE
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