24,509 research outputs found
ATTACK2VEC: Leveraging Temporal Word Embeddings to Understand the Evolution of Cyberattacks
Despite the fact that cyberattacks are constantly growing in complexity, the
research community still lacks effective tools to easily monitor and understand
them. In particular, there is a need for techniques that are able to not only
track how prominently certain malicious actions, such as the exploitation of
specific vulnerabilities, are exploited in the wild, but also (and more
importantly) how these malicious actions factor in as attack steps in more
complex cyberattacks. In this paper we present ATTACK2VEC, a system that uses
temporal word embeddings to model how attack steps are exploited in the wild,
and track how they evolve. We test ATTACK2VEC on a dataset of billions of
security events collected from the customers of a commercial Intrusion
Prevention System over a period of two years, and show that our approach is
effective in monitoring the emergence of new attack strategies in the wild and
in flagging which attack steps are often used together by attackers (e.g.,
vulnerabilities that are frequently exploited together). ATTACK2VEC provides a
useful tool for researchers and practitioners to better understand cyberattacks
and their evolution, and use this knowledge to improve situational awareness
and develop proactive defenses
Aeronautical Engineering: A special bibliography with indexes, supplement 64, December 1975
This bibliography lists 288 reports, articles, and other documents introduced into the NASA scientific and technical information system in November 1975
Byzantine Attack and Defense in Cognitive Radio Networks: A Survey
The Byzantine attack in cooperative spectrum sensing (CSS), also known as the
spectrum sensing data falsification (SSDF) attack in the literature, is one of
the key adversaries to the success of cognitive radio networks (CRNs). In the
past couple of years, the research on the Byzantine attack and defense
strategies has gained worldwide increasing attention. In this paper, we provide
a comprehensive survey and tutorial on the recent advances in the Byzantine
attack and defense for CSS in CRNs. Specifically, we first briefly present the
preliminaries of CSS for general readers, including signal detection
techniques, hypothesis testing, and data fusion. Second, we analyze the spear
and shield relation between Byzantine attack and defense from three aspects:
the vulnerability of CSS to attack, the obstacles in CSS to defense, and the
games between attack and defense. Then, we propose a taxonomy of the existing
Byzantine attack behaviors and elaborate on the corresponding attack
parameters, which determine where, who, how, and when to launch attacks. Next,
from the perspectives of homogeneous or heterogeneous scenarios, we classify
the existing defense algorithms, and provide an in-depth tutorial on the
state-of-the-art Byzantine defense schemes, commonly known as robust or secure
CSS in the literature. Furthermore, we highlight the unsolved research
challenges and depict the future research directions.Comment: Accepted by IEEE Communications Surveys and Tutoiral
Efficient Unsteady Model Estimation Using Computational and Experimental Data
Improving aircraft simulations for pilot training in loss-of-control and stalled conditions is one goal of NASA research in the System Wide Safety Program. One part of this effort is to develop appropriate generic aerodynamic models that provide representative responses in simulation for a given class of aircraft. In this part of the flight envelope nonlinear unsteady responses are often present and may require an extended aerodynamic model compared to that used in the conventional flight envelope. In this preliminary study, two objectives are addressed. First, to obtain a representative model for a NASA generic aircraft at an unsteady condition in the flight envelope and second, to evaluate the techniques involved. To meet these objectives, two different generic aircraft configurations are modeled using both experimental and analytical data. With these results, an initial assessment of the efficiency and quality of the tools and test techniques are evaluated to develop guidance for analytical and experimental approaches to unsteady modeling
Eight years of rider measurement in the Android malware ecosystem: evolution and lessons learned
Despite the growing threat posed by Android malware,
the research community is still lacking a comprehensive
view of common behaviors and trends exposed by malware families
active on the platform. Without such view, the researchers
incur the risk of developing systems that only detect outdated
threats, missing the most recent ones. In this paper, we conduct
the largest measurement of Android malware behavior to date,
analyzing over 1.2 million malware samples that belong to 1.2K
families over a period of eight years (from 2010 to 2017). We
aim at understanding how the behavior of Android malware
has evolved over time, focusing on repackaging malware. In
this type of threats different innocuous apps are piggybacked
with a malicious payload (rider), allowing inexpensive malware
manufacturing.
One of the main challenges posed when studying repackaged
malware is slicing the app to split benign components apart from
the malicious ones. To address this problem, we use differential
analysis to isolate software components that are irrelevant to the
campaign and study the behavior of malicious riders alone. Our
analysis framework relies on collective repositories and recent
advances on the systematization of intelligence extracted from
multiple anti-virus vendors. We find that since its infancy in
2010, the Android malware ecosystem has changed significantly,
both in the type of malicious activity performed by the malicious
samples and in the level of obfuscation used by malware to avoid
detection. We then show that our framework can aid analysts
who attempt to study unknown malware families. Finally, we
discuss what our findings mean for Android malware detection
research, highlighting areas that need further attention by the
research community.Accepted manuscrip
- …