Quasi-inverse pendulum model of 12 DoF bipedal walking

This paper presents modeling of a 12-degree of freedom (DoF) bipedal robot, focusing on the lower limbs of the system, and trajectory design for walking on straight path. Gait trajectories are designed by modeling of center of mass (CoM) trajectory and swing foot ankle trajectory based on stance foot ankle. The dynamic equations of motion of the bipedal robot are derived by considering the system as a quasi inverted pendulum (QIP) model. The direction and acceleration of CoM movement of the QIP model is determined by the position of CoM relative to the centre of pressure (CoP). To determine heel-contact and toe-off, two custom designed switches are attached with heel and toe positions of each foot. Four force sensitive resistor (FSR) sensors are also placed at the plantar surface to measure pressure that is induced on each foot while walking which leads to the calculation of CoP trajectory. The paper also describes forward kinematic (FK) and inverse kinematic (IK) investigations of the biped model where Denavit-Hartenberg (D-H) representation and Geometric-Trigonometric (G-T) formulation approach are applied. Experiments are carried out to ensure the reliability of the proposed model where the links of the bipedal system follow the best possible trajectories while walking on straight path

Joint demeanors of an anthropomorphic robot in designing the novel walking gait

The movement patterns of various joint actuators of the humanoid system are described in this paper to identify and understand the behavior of the biped walking motions. This paper focuses on two major parts of the study, firstly the analysis and design of human like walking gait for an anthropoid system and secondly the implementation of the designed gait to navigate the robot from a source position to a destination point. The walking strategy is demonstrated on a flat surface where the robot performs its tasks without losing its upright position. The perfect combination of actuator motions determines the robustness of the humanoid system where the angular positions are established through the Inverse Kinematics analysis depending on the geometrical and trigonometric formulation. The paper mainly represents the joint demeanors of the humanoid robot in performing the designed walking gait