Literatuurstudie risicojongeren: onderwijs, arbeid, zorg en veiligheid

De Directie Jeugd & Onderwijs Rotterdam wil graag meer inzicht krijgen in de definitie van de groep risicojongeren, de precieze omvang van deze groep, de aard van de problematiek en de mogelijke oplossingen. Bovendien heeft de Directie Jeugd en Onderwijs Rotterdam behoefte aan wetenschappelijk inzicht in de (on)mogelijkheden van een integrale benadering van risicojongeren. In opdracht van de Directie Jeugd en Onderwijs Rotterdam heeft de Kenniswerkplaats Rotterdams Talent (KWP) voorliggende studie uitgevoerd naar de problematiek en aanpak van risicojongeren in Rotterda

De toegankelijkheidsdiscussie voorbij?

Elke sector heeft wel zo’n discussiethema dat blijft opduiken. Bij ons is dat ‘de (on) toegankelijkheid van het jeugdwerk’. Ondanks de vele inkt die hierover reeds is gevloeid, blijft men onzeker over wat men met die ontoegankelijkheid aan moet. In 2007 startte ik een doctoraatsstudie aan de vakgroep Sociale Agogiek, die uiteindelijk als titel kreeg: ‘Jeugdwerk en sociale uitsluiting. De toegankelijkheidsdiscussie voorbij?’. Voor Krax de bevindingen in vogelvlucht

The early years of innovative approaches to youth information and counselling

This chapter focuses on the innovative services set up for the specific purpose of giving social support to young people by means of information and counselling in youth information and counselling services. These innovative services originated roughly from the mid sixties and developed particularly after 1980

Fueling Incubation: Differential Use of Body Stores in Arctic and Temperate-breeding Barnacle Geese (Branta leucopsis)

We compared the use of body stores in breeding Barnacle Geese (Branta leucopsis) in traditional Arctic colonies in the Barents Sea with that in recently established temperate-zone breeding colonies in the Baltic Sea and North Sea by studying female body-mass loss and use of fat and protein stores during incubation. Average daily body-mass loss was almost identical in the 2 temperate-breeding populations (17.0 g and 16.5 g in Baltic Sea and North Sea, respectively), whereas Arctic-breeding females lost significantly less (10.6 g day-1). Temperate-breeding females initiated incubation with body mass 125 g higher than that of Arctic breeders, but at the end of incubation, body mass was similar among the 3 populations, averaging 1,458 g. Body-mass loss during incubation amounted to 23% (North Sea), 22% (Baltic Sea), and 15% (Barents Sea). Fat mass, as measured by isotope dilution in a subsample of females, was consistently higher in North Sea than in Barents Sea birds, but both populations showed similar rates of fat-mass loss (9.4 g day-1, on average). By contrast, loss of fat-free mass (assumed to represent wet protein) amounted to 9.3 g day-1 in North Sea birds but only 1.5 g day-1 in Barents Sea birds. Energy content of 1 g utilized body mass was 21.1 kJ (North Sea) and 34.9 kJ (Barents Sea), which equates to 376 kJ day-1 and 415 kJ day-1 drawn from stored energy, respectively. We suggest that differences in nest-attendance and post-incubation demands are responsible for the differential use of body stores in temperate- and Arctic-breeding Barnacle Geese.

‘When One Door Shuts, Another Opens’: Turning Disadvantages into Opportunities

For many years, the child and family welfare and the child protection systems in the Netherlands have been under heavy criticism. Numerous experts in these fields have been advocating more intensive co-operation and a better coherence between both systems. The relationship between both fields seems to be a never ending issue for political and public discussion that has filled many bookshelves during the last decades. In spite of this, until now, the criticized relationship between the two has not fundamentally changed. In this paper, the characteristic differences between child and family welfare systems and child protection systems will be considered. Subsequently, these characteristics will be explained in light of the historical argument on which the dichotomy in the care and protection systems is based. Thereafter, attention will be paid to the harmful effects of the existing structure, in particular for multi-problem families; effects that definitely make clear that fundamental amendments in the welfare system must be found and implemented. Finally, ideas for improvement will be discussed

Origin and developpement of youth centres and their operating characteristics in Flanders

This chapter deals with the period of creation of youth centre work in the fifties and the developments of this work in Flanders till the eighties. This chapter is mainly based on the analysis of texts from the period 1953 to 1981

Rode Jeugd in the Netherlands

The Netherlands of the 20th century is hardly known for its rich tradition of political violence. However, first steps towards starting up an armed struggle were made also there at the same time as for example Rote Armee Fraktion (RAF) started to operate in West Germany and the Weathermen conducted bomb attacks around the United States. These efforts were taken by radicals involved in a loose organisation called Rode Jeugd (Red Youth). Like other New Left organisations involved in armed struggle, also the adherents of Rode Jeugd were radicalised by the Vietnam war and believed that the world was in the brink of revolution. They thought their struggle was part of a worldwide struggle against imperialism and capitalism and looked at China as the leader of the struggle. However, the activities of Rode Jeugd or its successors never developed into the same scale those of RAF or Brigate Rosse in Italy

Mutant Tau knock-in mice display frontotemporal dementia relevant behaviour and histopathology

Peer reviewedPostprin

Neuronal modulation in the prefrontal cortex in a transitive inference task: evidence of neuronal correlates of mental schema management

When informed that A > B and B > C, humans and other animals can easily conclude that A > C. This remarkable trait of advanced animals, which allows them to manipulate knowledge flexibly to infer logical relations, has only recently garnered interest in mainstream neuroscience. How the brain controls these logical processes remains an unanswered question that has been merely superficially addressed in neuroimaging and lesion studies, which are unable to identify the underlying neuronal computations. We observed that the activation pattern of neurons in the prefrontal cortex (PFC) during pair comparisons in a highly demanding transitive inference task fully supports the behavioral performance of the two monkeys that we tested. Our results indicate that the PFC contributes to the construction and use of a mental schema to represent premises. This evidence provides a novel framework for understanding the function of various areas of brain in logic processes and impairments to them in degenerative, traumatic, and psychiatric pathologies. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT: In cognitive neuroscience, it is unknown how information that leads to inferential deductions are encoded and manipulated at the neuronal level. We addressed this question by recording single-unit activity from the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex of monkeys that were performing a transitive inference (TI) task. The TI required one to choose the higher ranked of two items, based on previous, indirect experience. Our results demonstrated that single-neuron activity supports the construction of an abstract, mental schema of ordered items in solving the task and that this representation is independent of the reward value that is experienced for the single items. These findings identify the neural substrates of abstract mental representations that support inferential thinking

Towards sustainable financing models for television production? Challenges for audiovisual policy support in small media markets

This paper sets out from a contextual perspective to describe and evaluate the mix or ‘policy toolkits’ available for policymakers to sustain the financing of tv drama production in small countries, and the mechanisms to support a viable television production sector. It questions how and to what existing TV production in small nations is affected by international and national shifts caused by multiplication of distribution platforms and shifts in media consumption, and to what extent these challenges affect existing ecosystems of TV production. Basing on an evaluation of existing financing and supporting mechanisms for media policymakers, the paper analyzes the sustainability of existing support and new instruments media policymakers have for future-proof regulation and support for domestic quality content. Evidence from this paper derives from a large-scale analysis of the Flemish audiovisual sector. The research is based on analysis of policy and sector documents (annual reports, press releases, policy documents, legislation), secondary data retrieved from TV producers and broadcasters and a series of semi-structured expert interviews and roundtable discussions with representatives of media organizations along the broadcasting value chain