Energy Consumption Rate based Stable Election Protocol (ECRSEP) for WSNs

In recent few yearsWireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) have seen an increased interest in various applications like border field security, disaster management and medical applications. So large number of sensor nodes are deployed for such applications, which can work autonomously. Due to small power batteries in WSNs, efficient utilization of battery power is an important factor. Clustering is an efficient technique to extend life time of sensor networks by reducing the energy consumption. In this paper, we propose a new protocol; Energy Consumption Rate based Stable Election Protocol (ECRSEP). Our CH selection scheme is based on the weighted election probabilities of each node according to the Energy Consumption Rate (ECR) of each node. We compare results of our proposed protocol with Low Energy Adaptive Clustering Hierarchy (LEACH), Distributed Energy Efficient Clustering (DEEC), Stable Election Protocol (SEP), and Enhanced SEP(ESEP). Our simulation results show that our proposed protocol, ECRSEP outperforms all these protocols in terms of network stability and network lifetime

Real Time in Plan 9

We describe our experience with the implementation and use of a hard-real-time scheduler for use in Plan 9 as an embedded operating system

Multi-agent simulations for emergency situations in an airport scenario

This paper presents a multi-agent framework using Net- Logo to simulate humanand collective behaviors during emergency evacuations. Emergency situationappears when an unexpected event occurs. In indoor emergency situation, evacuation plans defined by facility manager explain procedure and safety ways tofollow in an emergency situation. A critical and public scenario is an airportwhere there is an everyday transit of thousands of people. In this scenario theimportance is related with incidents statistics regarding overcrowding andcrushing in public buildings. Simulation has the objective of evaluating buildinglayouts considering several possible configurations. Agents could be based onreactive behavior like avoid danger or follow other agent, or in deliberative behaviorbased on BDI model. This tool provides decision support in a real emergencyscenario like an airport, analyzing alternative solutions to the evacuationprocess.Publicad

A Survey on Mobile Charging Techniques in Wireless Rechargeable Sensor Networks

The recent breakthrough in wireless power transfer (WPT) technology has empowered wireless rechargeable sensor networks (WRSNs) by facilitating stable and continuous energy supply to sensors through mobile chargers (MCs). A plethora of studies have been carried out over the last decade in this regard. However, no comprehensive survey exists to compile the state-of-the-art literature and provide insight into future research directions. To fill this gap, we put forward a detailed survey on mobile charging techniques (MCTs) in WRSNs. In particular, we first describe the network model, various WPT techniques with empirical models, system design issues and performance metrics concerning the MCTs. Next, we introduce an exhaustive taxonomy of the MCTs based on various design attributes and then review the literature by categorizing it into periodic and on-demand charging techniques. In addition, we compare the state-of-the-art MCTs in terms of objectives, constraints, solution approaches, charging options, design issues, performance metrics, evaluation methods, and limitations. Finally, we highlight some potential directions for future research

Novel Approach using Robust Routing Protocol in Underwater Acoustic Wireless Sensor Network with Network Simulator 2: A Review

In recent year wireless sensor network has been an emerging technology and promising technology in unveiling the riddle of the marine life and other underwater applications. As it is a permutation of computation, sensing and communication. In the 70% of the earth a huge amount of unexploited resources lies covered by oceans. To coordinate interact and share information among themselves to carry out sensing and monitoring function underwater sensor network consists number of various sensors and autonomous underwater vehicles deployed underwater. The two most fundamental problems in underwater sensor network are sensing coverage and network connectivity. The coverage problem reflects how well a sensor network is tracked or monitored by sensors. An underwater wireless sensor networks is the emerging field that is having the challenges in each field such as the deployment of nodes, routing, floating movement of sensors etc. This paper is concerned about the underwater acoustic wireless sensor network of routing protocol applications and UW-ASNs deployments for monitoring and control of underwater domains

When Difference Hurts: Technology Space Activity and Failure

This paper investigates failure of startups due to their accumulation of intellectual property rights (IPR) in the context of the wireless telecommunication industry, here framed as their technology space - a space that we constructed through shared technology. Obtaining intellectual property rights forms an important signal for startup viability but only to a limited degree, compelling us to posit a U shape relationship between failure rate and IPR flow. The location of startups in the technology space, and the associated signals that come with that location presents powerful information regarding their failure rates. Disclosing intellectual properties erodes the benefits of secrecy and innovative lead time as deference (as proxied by patent citations) by peer to new firms increases their hazard of failure due potential competition and harmful spillover effects - particularly if the sector manifests a weak appropriability regime. Technology concentration of the deference is also found to be harmful; however the interaction of the two is positive. This leads us to infer that startups with specific and focused technology acknowledged many other firms or those with general but deferred to by few others have better possibility of stemming the rot

Agent-based model of broadband adoption in unserved and underserved areas

In the last two decades, demand for broadband internet has far outpaced its availability. The Federal Communications Commission’s (FCC) 2020 Broadband Deployment report suggests that at least 22 million Americans living in rural areas lack access to broadband internet. With the COVID-19 pandemic affecting normal life, there is an overwhelming need to enable unserved and underserved communities to adapt to the “new normal”. To address this challenge, federal and state agencies are funding internet service providers (ISPs) to deploy infrastructure in rural communities. However, policymakers and ISPs need open-source tools to predict take-rates of broadband service and formulate effective strategies to increase the adoption of high-speed internet. We propose using an agent-based model grounded in “The Theory of Planned Behavior” -- a long-established behavioral theory that explains the consumer’s decision-making process. The model simulates residential broadband adoption by capturing the interaction of a broadband service’s attributes with consumer preferences. We demonstrate the model’s performance, present a case study of an unserved area, and perform a sensitivity analysis. The major findings support the appropriateness of using theoretically based agent-based models to predict take-rates of broadband service. We also find that the take-rates are highly influenced by presence of existing internet users in the area as well as affordable or subsidized prices. In the future, this model can be extended to study the impact of online education, telecommuting, telemedicine, and precision agriculture on a rural economy. This type of simulation can guide evidence-based decision-making for infrastructure investment based on demand as well as influence the design of market subsidies that aim to reduce the digital divide --Abstract, page iii