Monopole antenna design with flexible frequency selective surface

A flexible monopole antenna combined with a flexible frequency selective surface (FSS) is presented in this work. Initially, the FSS structure is examined by constructing a unit cell of the periodic FSS structure with (3x3) arrays of square loops. On a thickness of 0.13 mm, a fast film with a permittivity of 2.7 is printed, and the substrate of the monopole antenna is FR-4 with a dielectric constant of 4.3. The monopole antenna is then densely and parallelly positioned 26 mm above the FSS structure. After studying the monopole antenna's return loss, efficiency, bandwidth, and antenna gain, the design is included in the FSS framework to obtain a steady frequency response. When the distance between both the antenna and the FSS structure is extended, the frequency response of the antenna is moved, and the return loss is determined to be less than -52 dB. Furthermore, the fractional bandwidth is extended from 62% to 103%, and the gain is increased greatly to 2.4 dB. This design structure demonstrated exceptional wireless communication performance