Optimal Publishing Strategies on a Base Layer

A growing number of products use layer 2 solutions to expand the capabilities of primary blockchains like Ethereum, where computation is off-loaded from the root chain, and the results are published to it in bulk. Those include optimistic and zero-knowledge rollups, information oracles, and app-specific chains. This work presents an analysis of layer 2 blockchain strategies determining the optimal times for publishing transactions on the root chain. There is a trade-off between waiting for a better layer 1 gas price and the urgency to finalize layer 2 transactions. We present a model for the problem that captures this trade-off, generalizing previous works, and we analyze the properties of optimal publishing strategies. We show that such optimal strategies hold a computable simple form for a large class of cost functions.Comment: To be presented at Financial Cryptography and Data Security 2024 (FC 2024

Análisis del control de existencia en la Empresa C & Y CORP S.A.C. Callao, 2021

El presente estudio buscó analizar el control de existencias en la empresa C & Y CORP S.A.C en el año 2021; para este cometido se utilizó una metodología de enfoque cuantitativo, nivel explicativo y diseño no experimental, en cuanto a la recolección de datos se utilizó como la encuesta como técnica y el cuestionario como instrumento, el mismo que fue analizado según los requisitos de validez (V Aiken = 100%) y confiabilidad (alfa de Crombach = 0.805). La muestra no probabilística estuvo constituida por 18 colaboradores. Los resultados denotan que el control de existencias de la empresa no es el adecuado; la calificación de la ejecución de la actividades concernientes al proceso en general fue de Regular (73.3%) a Deficiente (38.9%); con relación a los componentes del proceso, la fase de ingreso, almacenamiento y salida de existencias en la empresa es regular en 73.3%, 86.7% y 93.3% de forma respectiva; en conclusión es necesario la intervención de acciones correctivas que mejoren el sistema, como la capacitación del personal en temas referentes a el manejo de Stocks y locación, así como la implementación de políticas que rijan un protocolo de salida, así como la asistencia de algún sistema de registro

Control of Dual-Sourcing Inventory Systems Using Recurrent Neural Networks

A key challenge in inventory management is to identify policies that optimally replenish inventory from multiple suppliers. To solve such optimization problems, inventory managers need to decide what quantities to order from each supplier given the net inventory and outstanding orders so that the expected backlogging, holding, and sourcing costs are jointly minimized. Inventory management problems have been studied extensively for more than 60 years, and yet even basic dual-sourcing problems, in which orders from an expensive supplier arrive faster than orders from a regular supplier, remain intractable in their general form. In addition, there is an emerging need to develop proactive, scalable optimization algorithms that can adjust their recommendations to dynamic demand shifts in a timely fashion. In this work, we approach dual sourcing from a neural network–based optimization lens and incorporate information on inventory dynamics and its replenishment (i.e., control) policies into the design of recurrent neural networks. We show that the proposed neural network controllers (NNCs) are able to learn near-optimal policies of commonly used instances within a few minutes of CPU time on a regular personal computer. To demonstrate the versatility of NNCs, we also show that they can control inventory dynamics with empirical, nonstationary demand distributions that are challenging to tackle effectively using alternative, state-of-the-art approaches. Our work shows that high-quality solutions of complex inventory management problems with nonstationary demand can be obtained with deep neural network optimization approaches that directly account for inventory dynamics in their optimization process. As such, our research opens up new ways of efficiently managing complex, high-dimensional inventory dynamics

Dynamic inventory management with expediting

Thesis (Ph. D.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Mechanical Engineering, 2008.Includes bibliographical references (leaves 108-110).In modern global supply chains, goods travel stochastically from suppliers to their final destinations through several intermediate installations such as ports and distribution facilities. In such an environment, the supply chain must be agile to respond quickly to demand spikes. One way to achieve this objective is by expediting outstanding orders from the intermediate installations through premium delivery. In this research, we study the optimal expediting and regular ordering policies of a serial supply chain with a radio frequency identification deployment at each installation. Radio frequency identification technology allows capturing the state of the system, i.e., the time and location of goods, at any point in time, and thus enables to expedite outstanding orders directly to the destination, which faces stochastic demand. We identify systems, called sequential, that yield simple and tractable optimal policies. For sequential systems, outstanding orders including expediting do not cross in time. For such systems, we find that the optimal policies of expediting and regular ordering are the base stock type policies. The directional sensitivity of the base stock levels with respect to expediting costs is also obtained. We provide an important managerial insight on the radio frequency identification technology: we need to actively use the additional information from the radio frequency identification technology through new business processes such as expediting to unveil more benefits from the supply chain. On the other hand, orders may cross in time for systems that are not sequential, thus in such a case optimal policies are hard to obtain. We propose a heuristic for such systems and discuss its performance and limitation.(cont.) Lastly, as an extension to the model, we study the optimal policies of expediting and regular ordering when there is an expiry date on outstanding orders. The optimal expediting policy identifies a number of base stock levels depending on the age of the orders, but the structure of the optimal policy remains simple for sequential systems.by Chiwon Kim.Ph.D