Distribution of Caulerpa taxifolia var. distichophylla (Sonder) Verlaque, Huisman & Procaccini in the Mediterranean Sea

The Non-Indigenous Species (NIS) Caulerpa taxifolia var. distichophylla (Sonder) Verlaque, Huisman & Procaccini has been reported for the first time in the Mediterranean Sea along the coast of South Turkey. This NIS is actively expanding into the Eastern and Western Mediterranean Sea. In this paper, we present an overview of the current distribution of this alga in the Mediterranean Sea, based on relevant scientific publications, grey literature and personal observations. New records from the Sicilian coast (Italy) are also reported. Caulerpa taxifolia var. distichophylla was found over a wide range of environmental conditions (depth, light and substratum), suggesting a broad ecological plasticity of this alga which makes it a poten- tial threat for the Mediterranean benthic communities. In this respect, artificial structures, often linked to harbours and maritime traffic, seem to provide suitable habitats for this NIS. Since maritime traffic is intense in the Mediterranean Sea, further expansion of C. taxifolia var. distichophylla in this region is to be expected. For this reason, it is very important to build up an overview on the current distribution of the species and its possible pattern of colonisation in relation to environmental conditions, as well as in view of future climate change scenarios

Increasing understanding of alien species through citizen science (Alien-CSI)

There is no sign of saturation in accumulation of alien species (AS) introductions worldwide, additionally the rate of spread for some species has also been shown to be increasing. However, the challenges of gathering information on AS are recognized. Recent developments in citizen science (CS) provide an opportunity to improve data flow and knowledge on AS while ensuring effective and high quality societal engagement with the issue of IAS (Invasive Alien Species). Advances in technology, particularly on-line recording and smartphone apps, along with the development of social media, have revolutionized CS and increased connectivity while new and innovative analysis techniques are emerging to ensure appropriate management, visualization, interpretation and use and sharing of the data. In early July 2018 we launched a European CO-operation in Science and Technology (COST) Action to address multidisciplinary research questions in relation to developing and implementing CS, advancing scientific understanding of AS dynamics while informing decision-making specifically implementation of technical requirements of relevant legislation such as the EU Regulation 1143/2014 on IAS. It will also support the EU biodiversity goals and embedding science within society. The Action will explore and document approaches to establishing a European-wide CS AS network. It will embrace relevant innovations for data gathering and reporting to support the implementation of monitoring and surveillance measures, while ensuring benefits for society and citizens, through an AS CS European network. The Action will, therefore, increase levels of participation and quality of engagement with current CS initiatives, ensuring and evaluating educational value, and improve the value outcomes for potential users including citizens, scientists, alien species managers, policy-makers, local authorities, industry and other stakeholders

Further expansion of the alien seaweed Caulerpa taxifolia var. distichophylla (Sonder) Verlaque, Huisman & Procacini (Ulvophyceae, Bryopsidales) in the Eastern Mediterranean Sea

We are grateful to Andreas Antoniou (Dep. of Environment, Ministry of Agriculture, Rural Development & Environment, Cyprus) for his assistance in the preparation of the illustrations. We would also like to thank Dr. Sotiris Orfanidis (NAGREF – Fisheries Research Institute, Kavala, Greece) for his valuable advice and both the DFMR and HSR / HCMR Rhodes crew and George Hatiris for their help in samplings. Special thanks are due to Dinos Leonidou (SeaQuest Divers Cyprus) for accompanying the deep dive for sampling Caulerpa at Cavo Greco. We are grateful to the Total Foundation (Paris) for its funding support to this study within the framework of the project “Brown algal ecology and biodiversity in the eastern Mediterranean Sea” and to the MASTS pooling initiative (Marine Alliance for Science and Technology for Scotland, funded by the Scottish Funding Council and contributing institutions; grant reference HR09011).Peer reviewedPublisher PD

The status of Otala punctata (Muller, 1774) : a recently established terrestrial gastropod in Malta

A population of the alien helicid Otala punctata (Müller, 1774) has recently been found on the island of Malta (Central Mediterranean), located around a single plant nursery at Mosta in the central part of the island. Extensive field collections indicate that this species was very probably introduced via the horticultural trade and is gradually extending its range from its point of introduction, occupying a variety of natural and anthropic habitats. Analysis of size-frequency data suggests that Otala punctata has successfully bred through at least three consecutive reproductive events until 2006. We hypothesise that Otala punctata was originally imported accidentally with plant material and established itself in the nursery, from where it then escaped into the surrounding land since 2003. This situation represents the introduction of yet another alien species on Malta with the potential of becoming an agricultural pest, and a threat to the islands’ biodiversity.peer-reviewe

Note ecologiche su Amaranthus Bliotoides S. Watson (Amaranthaceae) E Suoi Caratteri D‘Invasività

Se discute sobre la biología, ecología y corología de Amaranthus blitoides S. Watson. Originaria del Norte de América (probablemente de U.S.A.) esta especie ha sido entroducida en Italia. En la ciudad de Roma y alrededores, A. blitoides es una especie común y se adapta fácilmente a muchos hábitats. La producción, dispersión y germinación de las semillas depende de dos factores: temperatura y luz. La humedad podría ser un factor limitante: la especie está ausente en las orillas ríos y lagos y en los prados húmedos. El desarrollo es rápido y las plantas producen un gran número de semillas. En algunos países de Europa (como en España) la especie ha desarrollado resistencia a los herbicidas atrazina y simazina.A review of biological, ecological and chorological information is provided for Amaranthus blitoides S. Watson (Amaranthaceae). This species is native to the North America (probably U.S.A) and it was introduced in Italy. In Rome and adiacent areas, A. blitoides is common species and it easly adapt to a moltitude of ruderal and agrestal habitats. Production, dispersal and germination of the seeds are connected with two pricipal environmental factors: temperature and light. Umidity may be a limiting ecological factor: the entity is in fact absent in banks and wet fallows. Growth is rapid and the plants produce a consistent number of viable seeds. In some europeas countries (such as Spain) the species has developed resistance to atrazina and simazina herbicides

Nuovi dati sull’espansione di Parkinsonia aculeata (Caeasalpinaceae) in Sicilia

New data about the expansion of Parkinsonia aculeata L. (Caesalpinaceae) in Sicily are reported. The species, cultivated as ornamental, has known as a naturalized since 1977. Data on new finding localities, near Menfi, Sciacca, Canicattì (Agrigento), Misilmeri (Palermo) and Catania are given

The alien vascular flora of Linosa (Pelagie Islands, Strait of Sicily): update and management proposals

This paper provides an up-to-date overview of the naturalized alien plants of Linosa (Pelagie Archipelago, Sicily), which includes 83 taxa and accounts for 29 % of the total island's flora. Among these plants, 6 are invasive, 49 are naturalized and 28 are casual. With respect to previous available data, our field investigations resulted in the addition of 31 new xenophytes (21 casual and 10 fully naturalized). One of these species is new to the whole European territory (Kleinia anteuphorbia), 6 of them are new to Sicily and 11 are recorded for the first time on circum-Sicilian islets. For each alien plant, we indicate the habitat where the naturalization has been observed by using the codes proposed by Natura 2000 and Corine Biotopes habitat classification. We also provide a list of 159 alien plants that are cultivated in Linosa, but currently not naturalized, in order to underline the key role played by horticulture and gardening in the introduction of exotic species. In order to address this phenomenon and its huge impact on the integrity of both the natural and the traditional rural landscape, several actions are proposed that aim at preventing, controlling and monitoring both the ongoing and the potential invasion processes

Hermetia illucens L. (Diptera, Stratiomyidae), nova tujerodna invazivna vrsta v Sloveniji

The black soldier fly (Hermetia illucens) was for the first time recorded in August 2009 for the territories of Slovenia. In 2010, the black soldier fly was found on several places in the coastal region of Primorska and in Ljubljana. The way of introduction and possible effects to other species are discussed.Muha vrste Hermetia illucens je bila na ozemlju Slovenije prvič najdena v avgustu l. 2009. Leta 2010 smo jo našli na več krajih obalnega dela Primorske in v Ljubljani. Razpravljava o načinu vnosa in možnih vplivih na druge vrste

IMPOVERISHMENT OF SICILIAN (ITALY) HISTORICAL AND CULTURAL ASSETS BY AN ALIEN INSECT SPECIES: THE CASE OF THE RED PALM WEEVIL.

Alien invasive species (IAS) have a disastrous impact on the biodiversity, cultural heritage and economy of a geographic area. The case of the Red Palm Weevil (RPW), an IAS that attacks the non-native palm species Phoenix canariensis, but also native species Chaemerops humilis, especially in urban and peri-urban areas, is reported. These palm trees have played an important role in Sicilian history and cultural heritage since the period of the Arab invasion. The accidental introduction of the RPW has remarkably changed the Sicilian panorama. In this study the chronology and the severity of the effects of RPW on palms so far detected, is reported. In only 7 years the RPW has drastically changed the aesthetic value and perception of the natural and cultural heritage in Sicily. Results suggest that the Precautionary Principle should be applied when IAS may impact on natural and cultural heritage