Spartan Daily, November 19, 2013

Volume 141, Issue 35https://scholarworks.sjsu.edu/spartandaily/1454/thumbnail.jp

Learners’ language use during task-based peer interaction in second language class of primary school

This study sets out to explore Second Language (L2) learners’ language use during peer interaction for performing L2 tasks in the primary L2 classroom from the sociocultural perspective. Professional and pedagogical impetus for an enquiry into L2 learners’ language use is provided by the dilemma caused by the gap between an L2 only policy and classroom practice. The issue of L2 learners’ use of L1 within L2 classrooms has been a controversial topic in the field of Second Language Acquisition (SLA), yet to date there has been little research conducted in the primary L2 learning contexts. Therefore, there was a need to examine the actual language use of L2 learners in the primary L2 classroom to gain pedagogical insights and implications related to learners’ language use. To this end, this study conducted a collective case study in intact primary L2 classrooms of two different institutional types: English as a Foreign Language (EFL) classes at a state primary school in Seoul, and Korean as a Heritage Language (KHL) classes at a Korean Saturday School in London. Multiple evidence of learners’ language use was gathered and analysed via thematic analysis in terms of distinct features and overall functions. The findings reveal that primary L2 learners frequently codeswitched their language, i.e. shifted their linguistic code between L1 and L2, as budding bilingual speakers; used language strategically through repetition; and used the economy of language through interjections, onomatopoeias, and hesitation fillers. The findings also provide evidence that learners’ language mediated the completion of L2 tasks, serving communicative, cognitive, and socio-affective functions on the interpersonal or the intrapersonal plane. These findings call for several pedagogical reconsiderations: reconceptualising views of L2 learners from imperfect monolinguals to developing bilinguals; reconsidering pedagogical decisions on the L2 only policy; improving L2 textbooks and instructional resources; developing balanced L2 tasks between learners’ L2 competence and cognitive development; enriching and expanding learners’ vocabulary; and finally enhancing teachers’ teaching practice in order to bridge the gap between the policy and learners’ use of language

Adoption of RFID for Enhanced Food Safety Management: A Qualitative and Explorative Approach

In many countries, food safety crisis can negatively impact public welfare as well as political stability. In over the past tow years, three government agencies and major food companies in South Korea have implemented a Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) project intended to explore and investigate the opportunities and challenges of RFID technology in the areas of instant food manufacture and supply management. This article reports on the successful practices and lessons learned of such project and antecedents of both enablers and inhibitors of acceptance and usage of the system through structured group interview. Among the findings are that item level tagging requires detailed and customized guidelines; standardized system development procedures among stakeholders is critical to the success of RFID implementation; information quality and information related system quality are more important than technical system quality in adopting the systems; factors that have been treated as enablers are identified as inhibitors in this context

HANSEN: Human and AI Spoken Text Benchmark for Authorship Analysis

Authorship Analysis, also known as stylometry, has been an essential aspect of Natural Language Processing (NLP) for a long time. Likewise, the recent advancement of Large Language Models (LLMs) has made authorship analysis increasingly crucial for distinguishing between human-written and AI-generated texts. However, these authorship analysis tasks have primarily been focused on written texts, not considering spoken texts. Thus, we introduce the largest benchmark for spoken texts - HANSEN (Human ANd ai Spoken tExt beNchmark). HANSEN encompasses meticulous curation of existing speech datasets accompanied by transcripts, alongside the creation of novel AI-generated spoken text datasets. Together, it comprises 17 human datasets, and AI-generated spoken texts created using 3 prominent LLMs: ChatGPT, PaLM2, and Vicuna13B. To evaluate and demonstrate the utility of HANSEN, we perform Authorship Attribution (AA) & Author Verification (AV) on human-spoken datasets and conducted Human vs. AI spoken text detection using state-of-the-art (SOTA) models. While SOTA methods, such as, character ngram or Transformer-based model, exhibit similar AA & AV performance in human-spoken datasets compared to written ones, there is much room for improvement in AI-generated spoken text detection. The HANSEN benchmark is available at: https://huggingface.co/datasets/HANSEN-REPO/HANSEN.Comment: 9 pages, EMNLP-23 findings, 5 pages appendix, 6 figures, 17 table

Treatment of Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder

This article presents the knowledges regarding the evaluation and the management of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Probably the most important components to a comprehensive evaluation of patients with ADHD, are the clinical interview, the medical examination, and the completion and scoring of behavior rating scales. The treatments of ADHD are followings: pharmacologic treatment such as stimulants, atomoxetine, modafinil, and bupropionn, and non-pharmacologic treatment such as parental education/training and cognitivebehavioral treatmentope

A Reappraisal of Intuition in the Perception of Urban Space with Particular Reference to Cultural Development in South Korea

This thesis is an inquiry into the aesthetic function and practice of intuition in a multi-sensory world. It is also about how theorising intuition can address the perception of urban space. In the course of formulating a theory of intuition, two case studies are looked at: the Gyeongbok Palace restoration and the Gamdong Public Art Project, the latter taking place in the former mining towns of Gohan and Sabuk. These two case studies provide pertinent cases for claiming that a theory of intuition can be explored within the context of space and time. My concern with reappraising intuition is motivated by analysing the differences between Korean and Western understanding of invisibility in relation to urban space. I explore invisibility through the dynamics between intensive causes and the material aspects of space. In a Korean context, invisibility indicates the ‘temporary absence of a thing’ or ‘potential visibility’ as inherent in the ‘real’. This notion of the real informs the methodology of this thesis, making me consider both internal and external aspects of urban space as parts of one indivisible mechanism. Throughout my research, an intercultural method is applied. I adapt a selective marginal European metaphysical theory of intuition to an East-Asian context, in order to formulate new concepts specific to the Korean situation. Thus, functional gi, spectres, intuitive visibility, intuitive tangibility and place-specificity are the key concepts by which I explore the constantly changing conditions of Korean modernity and the formation of urban space. Obtaining a clearer picture of urban development in South Korea through the use of these concepts reflects back on their role in the formulation of a theory of intuition. This research argues that intuition is not only an individual capacity, but also a phenomenon that is defined by objective, social and collective occurrences that affect the complex dynamics of contemporary urban space and time. My research attempts to forge a connection between the intuitive and the political. The written part of the thesis explicates how the less visible and undervalued sides of Korean culture interact with political power to give rise to a new visibility from within that culture. My art practice tries to define the moment where a new sensibility takes form, while looking at less visible aspects of society and the spectacle of visibility in urban space as belonging to an inseparable process of becoming

The Human Behind the Data: Reflections from an Ongoing Co-Design and Deployment of a Data-Navigation Interface for Front-Line Emergency Housing Shelter Staff

On any night in Canada, at least 35,000 individuals experience homelessness. These individuals use emergency shelters to transition out of homelessness and into permanent housing. We designed and deployed a technology to support front-line staff at the largest emergency housing shelter in Calgary, Canada. Over a period of five months in 2022, we worked closely with front-line staff to co-design an interface for supporting a holistic understanding of client context and facilitating decision-making. The tool is currently in-use and our collaboration is ongoing. In this paper, we reflect on preliminary findings regarding the second iteration of the tool. We find that supporting shelter staff in understanding the human behind the data was a critical component of design. This work contributes to literature on how data tools may be integrated into homeless shelters in a way that aligns with shelters' values.Comment: 7 page