A case of silent invasion : citizen science confirms the presence of Harmonia axyridis (Coleoptera, Coccinellidae) in Central America

Harmonia axyridis (Coleoptera, Coccinellidae) is a globally invasive ladybird. It has been intentionally introduced in many countries as a biological control agent, whereas it has been unintentionally released in many others. Climatic factors are important in limiting the spread of H. axyridis. For example, very few records are known from tropical or desert regions. Currently, no published reports are known from Central America. Here, we report H. axyridis from Costa Rica, Guatemala, Honduras, Panama, and Puerto Rico. Specimens were either observed by the authors, discovered in dried insect collections, or retrieved from searching through online photographs available from the citizen science project iNaturalist and the photo-sharing website Flickr. These new records and the wide distribution of H. axyridis in Latin America suggest several invasion events, which have gone unnoticed until now. We stress the need for further, large-scale monitoring and show the advantage of citizen science to assess the presence of invasive alien species

The Faculty Notebook, September 2005

The Faculty Notebook is published periodically by the Office of the Provost at Gettysburg College to bring to the attention of the campus community accomplishments and activities of academic interest. Faculty are encouraged to submit materials for consideration for publication to the Associate Provost for Faculty Development. Copies of this publication are available at the Office of the Provost

Library Data Integration : Towards BIBFRAME Mapping to EDM

Integration of library data into the Linked Data environment is a key issue in li-braries and is approached on the basis of interoperability between library data conceptual models. Achieving interoperability for different representations of the same or related entities between the library and cultural heritage domains shall enhance rich bibliographic data reusability and support the development of new data-driven information services. This paper aims to contribute to the desired in-teroperability by attempting to map core semantic paths between the BIBFRAME and EDM conceptual models. BIBFRAME is developed by the Library of Con-gress to support transformation of legacy library data in MARC format into linked data. EDM is the model developed for and used in the Europeana Cultural Heritage aggregation portal

Integrating library and cultural heritage data models

Libraries create and preserve bibliographic data using the MARC family of standards to encode and interchange them. Aggregation and exposure of these data into the Semantic Web universe is a key issue in libraries and is approached on the basis of library data conceptual models. Examining the way that data are represented in each data model, as well as possible mappings between different data models is an important step towards interoperability. This paper aims to contribute to the desired interoperability by attempting to map core classes and properties between two well known conceptual models, namely BIBFRAME and EDM. BIBFRAME aims to transform the widely used MARC data structure in libraries to the Linked Data context and EDM is the model developed and used in the Europeana Cultural Heritage aggregation portal

The Diachronic Spanish Sonnet Corpus (DISCO): TEI and Linked Open Data Encoding, Data Distribution and Metrical Findings

We present a corpus covering 4094 sonnets in Spanish by 1204 authors, from the 15th to the 19th centuries, extracted from HTML sources. The corpus was encoded in TEI. Author metadata not available in a standardized format in the sources were systematically retrieved or inferred from the sources and added to the corpus, e.g. author gender or VIAF IDs. RDFa was used to render TEI semantics in the Linked Open Data paradigm. Scansion was annotated automatically with the ADSO Scansion System. Enjambment was annotated automatically with our enjambment detection tool (ANJA). Stanza types were also annotated. The corpus covers both canonical and non-canonical authors, from Europe and Latin America. The range of authors and periods, the use of both TEI and RDFa for interoperability, and the combination of metrical and enjambment annotations goes beyond previously available digital resources for the study of poetry in Spanish. This corpus is a contribution within an area where digital resources are scarce. We also present some literary analysis results that illustrate the type of research questions that can be answered with the corpus

Linked Data at the Spanish National Library and the application of IFLA RDFS models

The Spanish National Library (Biblioteca Nacional de España1. BNE) and the Ontology Engineering Group2 of Universidad Politécnica de Madrid are working on the joint project ?Preliminary Study of Linked Data?, whose aim is to enrich the Web of Data with the BNE authority and bibliographic records. To this end, they are transforming the BNE information to RDF following the Linked Data principles3 proposed by Tim Berners Lee

Representing and integrating bibliographic information into the Semantic Web : A comparison of four conceptual models

Integration of library data into the Semantic Web environment is a key issue for libraries and is approached on the basis of interoper- ability between conceptual models. Several data models exist for the representation and publication of library data in the Semantic Web and therefore inter-domain and intra-domain interoperability issues emerge as a growing number of web data are generated. Achieving interoperability for different representations of the same or related entities between the library and other cultural heritage institutions shall enhance rich bibliographic data reusability and support the development of new data-driven information services. This paper aims to investigate common ground and convergences between four conceptual models, namely Functional Requirements for Bibliographic Records (FRBR), FRBR Object-Oriented (FRBRoo), Bibliographic Framework (BIBFRAME) and Europeana Data Model (EDM), enabling semantically-richer interoperability by studying the representation of monographs, as well as of content relationships (derivative and equivalent bibliographic relationships) and of whole-part relationships between them

Confluence between Library and Information Science and Digital Humanities in Spain. Methodologies, standards, and collections

https://doi.org/10.1108/JD-02-2020-0030The purpose of this paper is to study the relevance of heritage collections and the convergence of methodologies and standards traditionally linked to Library and Information Science (LIS) in the development of digital humanities (DH) research in Spain. This paper is based on a systematic review of scientific publications that are representative of DH in Spain and were published between 2013 and 2018. The analysis considered doctoral theses, journal articles and conference papers. The results highlight the synergies between documentary heritage, Library and Information Science and digital humanities. However, it appears that there is a scarcity of scientific literature to support the confluence of LIS and DH and a limited formal connection between heritage institutions and the areas of academia that reuse and enrich these source collections. The review of representative scholarly DH publications was mainly based on the metadata that describe the content of articles, thesis, and conference papers. This work relies on the thematic indexing (descriptors and keywords) of the analysed documents but their level of quality and consistency is very diverse. The topic of the study has not been explored before and this work could contribute to the international debate on the interrelation and complementarity between Library and Information Science and digital humanities. In addition, this paper shows the contribution that standards and documentary methodologies make to projects in which technology is applied to humanities disciplines. We propose that there is an urgent need to strengthen the “scientific relationships” between heritage institutions, as well as enhancing links between the academic field of DH and LIS in order to improve teaching and research strategies in conjunction

Feature identification framework and applications (FIFA)

Large digital libraries typically contain large collections of heterogeneous resources intended to be delivered to a variety of user communities. One key challenge for these libraries is providing tight integration between resources both within a single collection and across the several collections of the library with out requiring hand coding. One key tool in doing this is elucidating the internal structure of the digital resources and using that structure to form connections between the resources. The heterogeneous nature of the collections and the diversity of the needs in the user communities complicates this task. Accordingly, in this thesis, I describe an approach to implementing a feature identification system to support digital collections that provides a general framework for applications while allowing decisions about the details of document representation and features identification to be deferred to domain specific implementations of that framework. These deferred decisions include details of the semantics and syntax of markup, the types of metadata to be attached to documents, the types of features to be identified, the feature identification algorithms to be applied, and which features should be indexed. This approach results in strong support for the general aspects of developing a feature identification system allowing future work to focus on the details of applying that system to the specific needs of individual collections and user communities

Assessment of habitat quality and landscape connectivity for forest-dependent cracids in the Sierra Madre del Sur Mesoamerican biological corridor, Mexico

Assessing landscape connectivity allows us to identify critical areas that impede or facilitate the movement of organisms and their genes and to plan their conservation and management. In this article, we assessed landscape connectivity and ecological condition of the habitat patches of a highly biodiverse region in Chiapas, Mexico. We employed data of three cracid species with different characteristics in habitat use and mobility. The habitat map of each species was derived from a spatial intersection of the models of potential distribution and a high-resolution map of current land cover and land use. The ecological condition of vegetation types was evaluated using 75 field plots. Structure of landscape was estimated by fragmentation metrics, while functional connectivity was assessed using spatially explicit graph analysis. The extent of suitable habitat for Oreophasis derbianus, Penelopina nigra, and Penelope purpurascens correspond to 25%, 46%, and 55% of the study area (5,185.6 km2), respectively. Although the pine-oak forests were the most fragmented vegetation type, habitats of the three species were well connected, and only 4% to 9% of the fragments located on the periphery of the corridor had low connectivity. Landscape connectivity depends mainly on land uses with an intermediate and lower ecological condition (secondary forests and coffee agroforestry systems). Therefore, we suggest that in addition to promoting the improvement in connectivity in fragmented forests, conservation efforts should be aimed at preventing the conversion of mature forests into agricultural uses and maintaining agroforestry systems