Owners’ equity and accounting information relevance

The paper examines the influence of equity ratio on the value relevance of earnings and book value for Jordanian industrial companies from 1992 to 2002.The findings show that equity ratio significantly influenced the value relevance of individual book value but not earnings.In their combination, the paper indicates that share prices respond more to book value than earnings.Our findings might increase the valuation practices understanding of financial statements users and provide fundamentals for future studies that aim to examine our hypotheses in more details

Understanding design with VGI using an information relevance framework

Volunteered Geographic Information (VGI) has the potential to offer increased value and usability benefits to end-users over and above that of Professional Geographic Information (PGI). Using a multi-methods approach consisting of participatory observation, focus groups and diary studies, the differences between VGI and PGI are investigated in relation to the characteristics which are the most, or least relevant to an end-user community. The key finding was that the discussion amongst designers should not be whether to choose VGI or PGI as the information data set, but to consider which combination of VGI and PGI relating to different geographic features and task characteristics will best fit the user requirements. VGI is likely to be most relevant to the user when a geographic features is dynamic rather than static in nature These findings have implications for how different forms of information may be most effectively utilised within different usage situations. Above all, a case is presented for the implementation of User Centred Design principals when integrating VGI and PGI together in a single mashup based product to maximise benefit to the end user

The effects of expertise and information relevance on information search strategy.

Differences between experts and novices have been the focus of a variety of studies throughout the psychological literature. In general, task outcome differences have been found between experts and novices, but further study is needed to understand the mechanism for explaining these outcome differences. This study investigated taskprocessing differences between experts and novices, specifically, the use of relevant and irrelevant information. Forty human resource professionals served as experts and 40 undergraduate students served as novices in this study. Participants made two hiring decisions. Using an information board format, participants examined eight attributes across six candidates for the job of museum curator and chose the applicant they believed would perform the best. It was hypothesized that experts would be better able to ignore irrelevant information than novices. An interaction between expertise and information relevance was found such that experts searched less information than novices during a decision task in which both irrelevant and relevant information is present (low relevance condition). Novices did not differ in the quantity of information searched as a function of information relevance. To test an exploratory hypothesis, chi-square analyses were used to examine the use of compensatory versus noncompensatory .search strategy by experts and novices. Experts adjusted their use of search strategy based on the relevance of information presented, while novices tended to use a noncompensatory search strategy regardless of information relevance condition

Information Relevance and Availability: Toward Effective Management of Projects in Public Sector

Information plays a critical role in the different stages of managing a project. This study examines the views of one hundred and two (102) Portuguese Public sector officials on the relevance, availability and sharability of information as practiced in their organizations. Cluster analysis, gap analysis and confirmatory factor analysis procedures are utilized to analyze the collected data. The results of this study tend to underscore the growing need to have well- designed information systems, which are capable of enhancing the availability and promoting the sharability of relevant information

THE ACCOUNTING LAW AND THE GLOBALISATION ERA

The accounting law appeared as a new procedure together with the globalisation period and the knowledge economy. The accounting information relevance for company patrimony approach is both an economic theoretical issue and an accounting law one. Apart from the norms regarding significance breakeven and economic axiom, contractual aspects are also important. The most precise, organized and significant data can be obtained only from accounting. In this way, managers and administrators would like to get information ignoring the real capacity of accounting as much as possible. For this kind of situations, it is the accounting law that puts things into light.accountancy law; globalization; patrimony; costs; IAS/IFRS

Information relevance of deferred tax : a thesis submitted in fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Accounting at Massey University, Albany, New Zealand

The International Accounting Standards Board (IASB) has undertaken research on accounting for income taxes. The IASB research suggests that a fundamental change from International Accounting Standard 12: Income Taxes (IAS 12), the balance sheet method, to another method may be considered. Other methods for accounting for deferred tax include the taxes payable method, the comprehensive basis under the income statement method, and the partial basis under the income statement method. This thesis provides evidence on this issue by using non-United States data to examine these deferred tax methods. This thesis examines the research question “are deferred tax methods, relative to the taxes payable method, information relevant?” Information that is ‘information relevant’ has two components: predictability and value relevance (Ohlson, 1995). The predictability of deferred tax methods is measured by its ability to predict future tax payments relative to the taxes payable method. The value relevance of deferred tax methods is measured by its association with share price relative to the taxes payable method. Literature examining deferred taxes predominately uses United States US data and US Generally Accepted Accounting Principles (US GAAP), and only partially examines deferred tax methods. This thesis contributes to the literature by examining all three deferred tax line items: deferred tax liabilities, deferred tax assets and deferred tax expense. The data is collected from the financial information for firms listed on the NZ Stock Exchange. Two samples of firms are examined: from 2000 to 2004 (pre IFRS) and 2008 to 2012 (post IFRS). The results show that the comprehensive basis under the income statement method is a better predictor of future tax payments and is value relevant relative to the taxes payable method. This indicates that it is information relevant. The partial basis under the income statement method is a better predictor of future tax payments relative to the taxes payable method however it is only value relevant for firms in the highest three deciles of mean increases in tax paid over the period. The balance sheet method is not a better predictor of future tax payments relative to the taxes payable method. The balance sheet method is, however, value relevant. The balance sheet method using disaggregated deferred tax is also value relevant relative to the balance sheet method

Information Disclosure in Mobile Device: Examining the Influence of Information Relevance and Recipient

Privacy enhancing technologies (PETs) in mobile platforms typically restrict undesired information flow based on its sensitivity. However, sensitivity is often regarded as dichotomous and inflexible to the ever-changing contexts. Improving the effectiveness of PETs requires a better understanding of these contexts. In this paper, we examine the influence of contextual factors in users’ mobile usage based on Nissenbaum’s framework of contextual integrity. Specifically, we conducted a user study (n = 2889) to investigate the influence of relevance of information types on the willingness of disclosure towards typical groups of recipient. While the results suggest a significant relationship between information relevance (of different information) and willingness to disclose (to different recipients), closer examination reveals the relationship is not always clear-cut, and there is a potential influence of recipient. Therefore, incorporating the recipient factor can serve as a potential improvement to the existing approach in privacy management in the mobile device