Blood Transfusion Information System Design for Blood Transfusion Services Unit

Information Systems Development as an information provider, both for the users and outsiders, becomes very important at this time. Through a good data management, it can minimize the need for human labor that is currently being replaced by computers. This paper will discuss a design for a blood transfusion information system because there are several issues found in the Blood Transfusion Service Unit (UPTD), some of which are donor data recording at the Blood Transfusion Service Unit which still use manual recording with a book, donors data stored in the book is not well organized, and there are blood donors who do not obey the blood donor regulation, reminder for blood donor level is 70 days and the screening result. This design can do managements which are needed when people want to donor their blood. The database in this system was designed using S-Designor, while the model design was designed using Rational Rose

A proposal for a coordinated effort for the determination of brainwide neuroanatomical connectivity in model organisms at a mesoscopic scale

In this era of complete genomes, our knowledge of neuroanatomical circuitry remains surprisingly sparse. Such knowledge is however critical both for basic and clinical research into brain function. Here we advocate for a concerted effort to fill this gap, through systematic, experimental mapping of neural circuits at a mesoscopic scale of resolution suitable for comprehensive, brain-wide coverage, using injections of tracers or viral vectors. We detail the scientific and medical rationale and briefly review existing knowledge and experimental techniques. We define a set of desiderata, including brain-wide coverage; validated and extensible experimental techniques suitable for standardization and automation; centralized, open access data repository; compatibility with existing resources, and tractability with current informatics technology. We discuss a hypothetical but tractable plan for mouse, additional efforts for the macaque, and technique development for human. We estimate that the mouse connectivity project could be completed within five years with a comparatively modest budget.Comment: 41 page

A.S.P.E.N. Parenteral Nutrition Safety Consensus Recommendations

Parenteral nutrition (PN) serves as an important therapeutic modality that is used in adults, children, and infants for a variety of indications. The appropriate use of this complex therapy aims to maximize clinical benefit while minimizing the potential risks for adverse events. Complications can occur as a result of the therapy and as the result of the PN process. These consensus recommendations are based on practices that are generally accepted to minimize errors with PN therapy, categorized in the areas of PN prescribing, order review and verification, compounding, and administration. These recommendations should be used in conjunction with other A.S.P.E.N. publications, and researchers should consider studying the questions brought forth in this document

The Patient\u27s Voice: Legal Implications of Patient-Reported Outcome Measures

In recent years, the medical community has paid increasing attention to patients\u27 own assessments of their health status. Even regulatory agencies, such as the Food and Drug Administration and the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services, are now interested in patient self-reports. The legal implications of this shift, however, have received little attention. This Article begins to fill that gap. It introduces to the legal literature a discussion that has been ongoing in the health care field.Patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) are reports of patients’ symptoms, treatment outcomes, and health status that are documented directly by patients, typically through electronic questionnaires. In this era of growing efforts to control health care costs, improve care delivery, and combat physician burnout, patients’ own input can be invaluable for clinicians as well as researchers, regulators, and insurers. At the same time, however, PROMs have a number of pitfalls, and the implementation of PROM programs is challenging and complex.The Article argues that health care providers should be keenly aware of potential medical malpractice risks associated with PROMs. In addition, because PROMs collect a plethora of sensitive information about pain, sexual function, anxiety, and other matters, the HIPAA Privacy Rule should be revised to address PROMs specifically. The Article further posits that it would be premature for regulatory agencies or private insurers to require PROM submission at this time. It also details strategies, such as use of artificial intelligence, to strengthen PROMs and facilitate their integration into clinical practice and other arenas

18F-Labeled Presynaptic Dopaminergic Tracers. Synthesis, Radiochemical Analyses, and Preclinical Evaluation of [18F]FDOPA and [18F]CFT

Dysfunction of the dopaminergic system in brain is involved in several pathological conditions such as Parkinson’s disease and depression. 2β-Carbomethoxy-3β-(4-[18F] fluorophenyl)tropane ([18F]CFT) and 6-[18F]fluoro-L-dopa ([18F]FDOPA) are tracers for imaging the dopaminergic function with positron emission tomography (PET). Peripheral uptake of [18F]FDOPA is also used in the localization and diagnosis of neuroendocrine tumors. [18F]FDOPA and [18F]CFT can be synthesized by electrophilic fluorodestannylation. However, the specific radioactivity (SA) in the electrophilic fluorination is low with traditional synthetic methods. In this study, [18F]FDOPA and [18F]CFT were synthesized using post-target-produced [18F]F2 as an electrophilic fluorination agent. With this method, tracers are produced with sufficient SA for neuroreceptor studies. Specific aims in this study were to replace Freon-11 in the production of [18F]FDOPA due to the ozone depleting properties of this solvent, to determine pharmacological specificity and selectivity of [18F]CFT with respect to monoamine transporters, and to compare the ability of these tracers to reflect the degree of nigral neuronal loss in rats in which the dopaminergic system in the brain had been unilaterally destroyed by 6- OHDA. Post-target-produced [18F]F2 was successfully used in the production of [18F]FDOPA and [18F]CFT. The SA achieved was substantially higher than in previous synthetic methods. Deuterated compounds, CD2Cl2, CDCl3 and C3D6O, were found to be suitable solvents for replacing Freon-11. Both [18F]FDOPA and [18F]CFT demonstrated nigrostriatal dopaminergic hypofunction and correlated with the number of nigral dopaminergic neurons in the 6-OHDA lesioned rat. However, the dopamine transporter (DAT) tracer [18F]CFT was more sensitive than the dopamine synthesis tracer [18F]FDOPA in detecting these defects because of the higher non-specific uptake of [18F]FDOPA. [18F]CFT can also be used for imaging the norepinephrine transporter (NET) because of the specific uptake into the locus coeruleus. The observation that [18F]CFT exhibits specific uptake in the pancreas warrants further studies in humans with respect to potential utility in pancreatic imagingSiirretty Doriast

Synthesis, radiolabeling and preclinical evaluation of gold-nanomaterial based boron carriers as drug delivery systems: Potential application to boron neutron capture therapy

121 p.En la presente tesis se describe la preparación y caracterización de nanopartículas de oro de diversos tamaños y formas geométricas (nanoesferas y nanorods), funcionalizadas simultáneamente con polietilenglicol y moléculas ricas en boro, como potenciales herramientas terapéuticas en el contexto de la terapia por captura de neutrones (BNCT). Las nanopartículas preparadas se han caracterizado utilizando una batería de técnicas, incluyendo microscopía electrónica de transmisión, dispersión dinámica de luz, espectrofotometría UV-Vis, espectroscopía Raman y espectroscopía fotoelectrónica de rayos X. Posteriormente, los nanosistemas se han marcado con isótopos emisores de positrones para evaluar su biodistribución y su capacidad de acumularse en el tumor, utilizando para ello dos modelos animales de cáncer, generados mediante inoculación sub-cutánea de células tumorales de origen humano en ratones inmunodeprimidos. Dos de los nanosistemas ensayados han mostrado buena capacidad de acumulación en los tumores, con concentraciones alcanzadas alrededor del 5% de la dosis administrada por gramo de tejido, mostrado su potencial como herramientas terapéuticas. Además, los nanorods podrían utilizarse en abordajes duales, combinando BNCT con terapia fototérmica

Synthesis, radiolabeling and preclinical evaluation of gold-nanomaterial based boron carriers as drug delivery systems: Potential application to boron neutron capture therapy

121 p.En la presente tesis se describe la preparación y caracterización de nanopartículas de oro de diversos tamaños y formas geométricas (nanoesferas y nanorods), funcionalizadas simultáneamente con polietilenglicol y moléculas ricas en boro, como potenciales herramientas terapéuticas en el contexto de la terapia por captura de neutrones (BNCT). Las nanopartículas preparadas se han caracterizado utilizando una batería de técnicas, incluyendo microscopía electrónica de transmisión, dispersión dinámica de luz, espectrofotometría UV-Vis, espectroscopía Raman y espectroscopía fotoelectrónica de rayos X. Posteriormente, los nanosistemas se han marcado con isótopos emisores de positrones para evaluar su biodistribución y su capacidad de acumularse en el tumor, utilizando para ello dos modelos animales de cáncer, generados mediante inoculación sub-cutánea de células tumorales de origen humano en ratones inmunodeprimidos. Dos de los nanosistemas ensayados han mostrado buena capacidad de acumulación en los tumores, con concentraciones alcanzadas alrededor del 5% de la dosis administrada por gramo de tejido, mostrado su potencial como herramientas terapéuticas. Además, los nanorods podrían utilizarse en abordajes duales, combinando BNCT con terapia fototérmica