Hybrid particle swarm optimization based normalized radial basis function neural network for hypoglycemia detection

In this study, a normalized radial basis function neural network (NRBFNN) is presented for detection of hypoglycemia episodes by using physiological parameters of electrocardiogram (ECG) signal. Hypoglycemia is a common and serious side effect of insulin therapy in patients with Type 1 diabetes. Based on heart rate (HR) and corrected QT interval (QTc) of electrocardiogram (ECG) signal, a hybrid particle swarm optimization based normalized RBFNN is developed for recognization of hypoglycemia episodes. A global learning algorithm called hybrid particle swarm optimization with wavelet mutation (HPSOWM) is used to optimize the parameters of NRBFNN. From a clinical study of 15 children with Type 1 diabetes, natural occurrence of nocturnal hypoglycemic episodes associated with increased heart rates and corrected QT interval are studied. The overall data are organized into a training set (5 patients), validation set (5 patients) and testing set (5 patients) randomly selected. Using the optimized NRBFNN, the testing performance for detection of hypoglycemic episodes are satisfactory with 76.74% of sensitivity and 51.82% of specificity. © 2012 IEEE

EDMON - Electronic Disease Surveillance and Monitoring Network: A Personalized Health Model-based Digital Infectious Disease Detection Mechanism using Self-Recorded Data from People with Type 1 Diabetes

Through time, we as a society have been tested with infectious disease outbreaks of different magnitude, which often pose major public health challenges. To mitigate the challenges, research endeavors have been focused on early detection mechanisms through identifying potential data sources, mode of data collection and transmission, case and outbreak detection methods. Driven by the ubiquitous nature of smartphones and wearables, the current endeavor is targeted towards individualizing the surveillance effort through a personalized health model, where the case detection is realized by exploiting self-collected physiological data from wearables and smartphones. This dissertation aims to demonstrate the concept of a personalized health model as a case detector for outbreak detection by utilizing self-recorded data from people with type 1 diabetes. The results have shown that infection onset triggers substantial deviations, i.e. prolonged hyperglycemia regardless of higher insulin injections and fewer carbohydrate consumptions. Per the findings, key parameters such as blood glucose level, insulin, carbohydrate, and insulin-to-carbohydrate ratio are found to carry high discriminative power. A personalized health model devised based on a one-class classifier and unsupervised method using selected parameters achieved promising detection performance. Experimental results show the superior performance of the one-class classifier and, models such as one-class support vector machine, k-nearest neighbor and, k-means achieved better performance. Further, the result also revealed the effect of input parameters, data granularity, and sample sizes on model performances. The presented results have practical significance for understanding the effect of infection episodes amongst people with type 1 diabetes, and the potential of a personalized health model in outbreak detection settings. The added benefit of the personalized health model concept introduced in this dissertation lies in its usefulness beyond the surveillance purpose, i.e. to devise decision support tools and learning platforms for the patient to manage infection-induced crises