Energy-aware peering routing protocol for indoor hospital body area network communication

The recent research in Body Area Networks (BAN) is focused on making its communication more reliable, energy efficient, secure, and to better utilize system resources. In this paper we propose a novel BAN network architecture for indoor hospital environments, and a new mechanism of peer discovery with routing table construction that helps to reduce network traffic load, energy consumption, and improves BAN reliability. We have performed extensive simulations in the Castalia simulation environment to show that our proposed protocol has better performance in terms of reduced BAN traffic load, increased number of successful packets received by nodes, reduced number of packets forwarded by intermediate nodes, and overall lower energy consumption compared to other protocols

Adaptive Duty Cycling MAC Protocols Using Closed-Loop Control for Wireless Sensor Networks

The fundamental design goal of wireless sensor MAC protocols is to minimize unnecessary power consumption of the sensor nodes, because of its stringent resource constraints and ultra-power limitation. In existing MAC protocols in wireless sensor networks (WSNs), duty cycling, in which each node periodically cycles between the active and sleep states, has been introduced to reduce unnecessary energy consumption. Existing MAC schemes, however, use a fixed duty cycling regardless of multi-hop communication and traffic fluctuations. On the other hand, there is a tradeoff between energy efficiency and delay caused by duty cycling mechanism in multi-hop communication and existing MAC approaches only tend to improve energy efficiency with sacrificing data delivery delay. In this paper, we propose two different MAC schemes (ADS-MAC and ELA-MAC) using closed-loop control in order to achieve both energy savings and minimal delay in wireless sensor networks. The two proposed MAC schemes, which are synchronous and asynchronous approaches, respectively, utilize an adaptive timer and a successive preload frame with closed-loop control for adaptive duty cycling. As a result, the analysis and the simulation results show that our schemes outperform existing schemes in terms of energy efficiency and delivery delay

Geographical Forwarding Methods in Vehicular Ad hoc Networks

Vehicular ad hoc networks are new and emerging technology and special class of mobile ad hoc networks that provide wireless communication between vehicles without any fixed infrastructure. Geographical routing has appeared as one of the most scalable and competent routing schemes for vehicular networks. A number of strategies have been proposed for forwarding the packets in geographical direction of the destination, where information of direct neighbors is gained through navigational services. Due to dynamically changing topologies and high mobility neighbor information become outdated. To address these common issues in network different types of forwarding strategies have been proposed. In this review paper, we concentrate on beaconless forwarding methods and their forwarding methods in detail

Data-Centric Multiobjective QoS-Aware Routing Protocol for Body Sensor Networks

In this paper, we address Quality-of-Service (QoS)-aware routing issue for Body Sensor Networks (BSNs) in delay and reliability domains. We propose a data-centric multiobjective QoS-Aware routing protocol, called DMQoS, which facilitates the system to achieve customized QoS services for each traffic category differentiated according to the generated data types. It uses modular design architecture wherein different units operate in coordination to provide multiple QoS services. Their operation exploits geographic locations and QoS performance of the neighbor nodes and implements a localized hop-by-hop routing. Moreover, the protocol ensures (almost) a homogeneous energy dissipation rate for all routing nodes in the network through a multiobjective Lexicographic Optimization-based geographic forwarding. We have performed extensive simulations of the proposed protocol, and the results show that DMQoS has significant performance improvements over several state-of-the-art approaches

An Improved Greedy Forwarding Scheme in MANETs, Journal of Telecommunications and Information Technology, 2017, nr 1

Position-based routing protocols are widely accepted efficient solution for routing in MANETs. The main feature of position-based routing protocols is to use greedy forwarding methods to route data. The greedy forwarding methods select a node, either having maximum progress towards destination (distance-based principle) or minimum deviation with line between source and destination (direction-based strategy). The first method minimizes the hopcount in a path and on the other hand, second method minimizes the spatial distance between source and destination. The distance-based routing has a great impact on the selection of reliable node and the direction based routing plays a major role to increase the stability of route towards destination. Therefore, in this paper authors propose a weighted forwarding method, which combines both the selection, schemes to select an optimal next forwarding node in a range. The simulation results show that the proposed scheme performs better than existing position-based routing protocols

Adaptive UxV Routing Based on Network Performance

Μια μεγάλη και απότομη εξέλιξη παρατηρείται σήμερα στον τομέα της ρομποτικής και του διαδικτύου των πραγμάτων. Οι κόμβοι που αποτελούν την κύρια υποδομή του διαδικτύου των πραγμάτων έχουν εμπλουτιστεί με σημαντικές και πολυποίκιλες δυνατότητες. Η πιο σημαντική από αυτες τις δυνατότηες είναι η κινητικότητα, η οποία έχει προσφερθεί λόγω της επίσης σημαντικής εξέλιξης του τομέα που αφορά τα μη επανδρωμένα οχήματα. Ένα μη επανδρωμένο όχημα μπορεί να εξυπηρετήσει έναν ερευνητή ως κινητός αισθητήρας (θερμοκρασίας, πίεσης νερού) και να τοποθετηθεί σε οποιαδήποτε δυνατή τοποθεσία. Κάποια ακόμα χαρακτηριστικά που κάνουν δελεαστική την επιλογή μη επανδρωμένων οχημάτων ως κόμβους του διαδικτύου των πραγμάτων είναι η ικανότητα της λήψης αποφάσεων χωρίς την ανθρώπινη παρέμβαση, η αντοχή, η επαναπρογραμματισιμότητα καθώς και η δυνατότητα της ζωντανής ροής πολυμέσων. Με βάση αυτά τα χαρακτηριστικά τα μη επανδρωμένα οχήματα μπορούν να χρησιμοποιηθούν επίσης σε περιπτώσεις εποπτείας χώρων και συνόρων, παρακολούθηση καμερών ασφαλείας καθώς και για υποστήριξη σε περιπτώσεις διαχείρισης κρίσεων. Για παράδειγμα ένα μη επανδρωμένο όχημα ξηράς όπου φέρει μία υψηλής ευκρίνειας κάμερα, σε συνδυασμό με έναν αλγόριθμο αναγνώρισης αντικειμένων μπορεί να χρησιμοποιηθεί για επόπτεια συνόρων. Σε αυτήν την διπλωματική εργασία προτείνεται ένα πλαίσιο, στο οποίο υλοποιείται μια διαδικασία λήψης αποφάσεων με βάση την ποιότητα του δικτύου. Το πλαίσιο αυτό προσαρμόζει την ροή της πληροφορίας μεταξύ του επανδρωμένου οχήματος και του σταθμού ελέγχου, βασισμένο σε μετρικές ποιότητας του δικτύου (όπως το ρυθμό απώλειας πακέτων) και στις αρχές της Θεωρίας Βέλτιστης Παύσης, με σκοπό να εξασφαλίσει το βέλτιστο ποσοστό παραλαβής πληροφοριών υψίστης σημασίας από το μη επανδρωμένο όχημα προς το σταθμό ελέγχου και το αντίστροφο. Όταν το δίκτυο συμπεριφέρεται άριστα δεν υπάρχει περιορισμός στην ροή πληροφοριών, αλλα έαν το δίκτυο είναι είτε υπερφορτωμένο, είτε κορεσμένο, τότε εφαρμόζονται περιοριστικοί κανόνες. Το προτεινόμενο μοντέλο, εισάγει δύο μηχανισμούς βέλτιστης παύσης βασισμένος στην Θεωρίας Βέλτιστης Παύσης, στη Θεωρία Ανίχνευσης Αλλαγής Κατεύθυνσης καθώς και σε μία διαδικασία εκπτωτικής ανταμοιβής. Για την υποστήριξη του υλοποιημένου πλαισίου, έγινε μία σειρά πειραμάτων με πολύ υποσχόμενα αποτελέσματα. Σαν κινητός κόμβος χρησιμοποιήθηκε ένα ρομπότ TurtleBot, μαζί με ένα XBOX Kinect που έφερε μία έγχρωμη κάμερα και έναν αισθητήρα βάθους καθώς και με ένα Raspberry Pi, το οποίο εκτελούσε το Robotic Operating System (ROS) και το σύστημα Apache Kafka, με σκοπό να γεφυρώσει το χάσμα επικοινωνίας μεταξύ TurtleBot και σταθμού ελέγχου.Robotics and Internet of Things (IoT) have been experiencing rapid growth nowadays. IoT nodes are significantly enhanced with many different features. One of the most important is the mobility capabilities, given by the noticeably huge growth of UxV (UxVs- x stands for a different type of environment, i.e. ‘s’ stands for sea, ‘a’ for air and ‘g’ for ground) area. The idea is the assumption of a drone as a mobile sensor, that can be deployed wherever the experimenter wants. Some more characteristics that make the unmanned vehicles a very tempting decision as IoT nodes are the decision-making ability without human interaction, endurance, re-programmability and capability of multimedia streaming. These characteristics make drones an option for use cases of surveillance, security monitoring, and supporting crisis management activities. For instance, a UGV equipped with a high-definition camera and running an algorithm of object recognition can serve the purpose of border surveillance. In this thesis, a framework that implements a network quality based decision-making process is developed. This framework adapts the information flow between the UxV and the Ground Control Station (GCS) based on network quality metrics (such as packet error rate etc.) and the principals Optimal Stopping Theory (OST). The goal of this framework is to ensure the optimal delivery of critical information from UxV to GCS and vice-versa. If the network behaves optimally then there is no limitation on the information flow, but if the network is saturated or overloaded restriction rules are applied. The proposed model introduces two optimal stopping time mechanisms based on change detection theory and a discounted reward process. To support the implemented framework, an experimental environment has been set up and also a series of experiments with very promising results. As a mobile IoT node, a TurtleBot has been used, along with an XBOX Kinect sensor (RGB camera and depth sensor) and a Raspberry Pi running Robotic Operating System (ROS) and Apache Kafka pub-sub system with ultimate purpose the communication between the TurtleBot and the GCS

Ciência de dados na era da agricultura digital: anais.

Estes anais contêm o texto completo dos trabalhos apresentados no XI Congresso Brasileiro de Agroinformática (SBIAgro 2017), o qual foi promovido pela Embrapa Informática Agropecuária e pela Faculdade de Engenharia Agrícola, Instituto de Computação e pelo Centro de Pesquisas Meteorológicas e Climáticas Aplicadas à Agricultura da Universidade Estadual de Campinas (Unicamp). Esta edição do evento foi realizada no Centro de Convenções e na Casa do Lago da Unicamp, localizados na cidade de Campinas (SP). O propósito do evento foi o de reunir pesquisadores, professores, estudantes, empresários e funcionários de empresas para discutir o tema da informática aplicada à agricultura, além de promover um ambiente propício para o surgimento de novos relacionamentos, projetos e negócios.Organizadores: Jayme Garcia Arnal Barbedo, Maria Fernanda Moura, Luciana Alvim Santos Romani, Thiago Teixeira Santos, Débora Pignatari Drucker. SBIAgro 2017