2,126 research outputs found
Human Sensing via Passive Spectrum Monitoring
Human sensing is significantly improving our lifestyle in many fields such as
elderly healthcare and public safety. Research has demonstrated that human
activity can alter the passive radio frequency (PRF) spectrum, which represents
the passive reception of RF signals in the surrounding environment without
actively transmitting a target signal. This paper proposes a novel passive
human sensing method that utilizes PRF spectrum alteration as a biometrics
modality for human authentication, localization, and activity recognition. The
proposed method uses software-defined radio (SDR) technology to acquire the PRF
in the frequency band sensitive to human signature. Additionally, the PRF
spectrum signatures are classified and regressed by five machine learning (ML)
algorithms based on different human sensing tasks. The proposed Sensing Humans
among Passive Radio Frequency (SHAPR) method was tested in several environments
and scenarios, including a laboratory, a living room, a classroom, and a
vehicle, to verify its extensiveness. The experimental results show that the
SHAPR method achieved more than 95% accuracy in the four scenarios for the
three human sensing tasks, with a localization error of less than 0.8 m. These
results indicate that the SHAPR technique can be considered a new human
signature modality with high accuracy, robustness, and general applicability
Passive Human Sensing Enhanced by Reconfigurable Intelligent Surface: Opportunities and Challenges
Reconfigurable intelligent surfaces (RISs) have flexible and exceptional
performance in manipulating electromagnetic waves and customizing wireless
channels. These capabilities enable them to provide a plethora of valuable
activity-related information for promoting wireless human sensing. In this
article, we present a comprehensive review of passive human sensing using radio
frequency signals with the assistance of RISs. Specifically, we first introduce
fundamental principles and physical platform of RISs. Subsequently, based on
the specific applications, we categorize the state-of-the-art human sensing
techniques into three types, including human imaging,localization, and activity
recognition. Meanwhile, we would also investigate the benefits that RISs bring
to these applications. Furthermore, we explore the application of RISs in human
micro-motion sensing, and propose a vital signs monitoring system enhanced by
RISs. Experimental results are presented to demonstrate the promising potential
of RISs in sensing vital signs for manipulating individuals. Finally, we
discuss the technical challenges and opportunities in this field
Human Sensing Expansion for a Rolling Robot
For the past twenty years, fans of the Star Wars movies have been building their own replica robots or “droids” that they fell in love with on the big screen. This project takes an existing design for the BB-8 droid and integrates sensors that can detect people and then interact with them. This design uses six IR sensors and one main 8x8 IR sensor grid to be able to detect the closest person and turn BB- 8’s dome towards them as though they are looking at them
Toward an Automatic Road Accessibility Information Collecting and Sharing Based on Human Behavior Sensing Technologies of Wheelchair Users
AbstractThis research proposes a methodology for digitizing street level accessibility with human sensing of wheelchair users. The dig- itization of street level accessibility is essential to develop accessibility maps or to personalize a route considering accessibility. However, current digitization methodologies are not sufficient because it requires a lot of manpower and therefore money and time cost. The proposed method makes it possible to digitize the accessibility semi-automatically. In this research, a three-axis accelerometer embedded on iPod touch sensed actions of nine wheelchair users across the range of disabilities and aged groups, in Tokyo, approximately 9hours. This paper reports out attempts to estimate both environmental factors: the status of street and subjective factors: driver's fatigue from human sensing data using machine learning
Machine Understanding of Human Behavior
A widely accepted prediction is that computing will move to the background, weaving itself into the fabric of our everyday living spaces and projecting the human user into the foreground. If this prediction is to come true, then next generation computing, which we will call human computing, should be about anticipatory user interfaces that should be human-centered, built for humans based on human models. They should transcend the traditional keyboard and mouse to include natural, human-like interactive functions including understanding and emulating certain human behaviors such as affective and social signaling. This article discusses a number of components of human behavior, how they might be integrated into computers, and how far we are from realizing the front end of human computing, that is, how far are we from enabling computers to understand human behavior
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