Mis-Education and the Crisis in Male Subjectivity: William Godwin’s Middle Novels, 1799–1817

In the tumultuous period of the 1790s, the English anarchist philosopher William Godwin was a seminal figure whose 1793 Enquiry Concerning Political Justice and Its Influence on Morals and Happiness stood as a touchstone for the reform movement in Britain. Godwin is primarily known today as the author of Political Justice and Things As They Are; Or, The Adventures of Caleb Williams, a 1794 novel which many readers, past and present, have regarded as a fictionalized allegory of the philosophical claims outlined in Political Justice. Although his fame as a novelist largely rests on this one popular novel, Godwin wrote and published five more novels after Caleb Williams: St. Leon (1799); Fleetwood (1805); Mandeville (1817); Cloudesley (1830); and, finally, Deloraine (1833). Other than Caleb Williams, however, Godwin’s novels are little read today, even by specialists in the literature of the period. Moreover, relative to Caleb Williams, these other novels have received only marginal critical attention. The bulk of the scholarly work on Godwin still tends to focus on either his Political Justice or Caleb Williams. Furthermore, most earlier studies of Godwin’s novels have placed his texts in an almost exclusive dialogue with the radical “jacobin” political climate of 1790s England, or with the philosophical rationalism of Political Justice. My own examination of Godwin’s fiction differs in emphasis from most of these earlier studies in its sustained focus on the development of masculine identity within the context of personal agency, language, and modes of self-expression. I take as my starting point Godwin’s Enquirer. Reflections on Education, Manners, and Literature, a 1797 collection of essays in which he puts forth an educational theory for the proper development of virtue, benevolence, and rational potential in the young mind. In the Enquirer, Godwin details the pedagogical and social conditions necessary for the creation of an “active” and “well regulated” mind committed to benevolence and reason. He also acknowledges, however, the blighting effects of “unfavourable circumstances” in childhood-the range of unpropitious pedagogical and social conditions that conspire to produce a mind that is not “well regulated.” As I argue in this study, Godwin’s educational theory carries within it a model of ww-education that serves as a productive framework for examining his fiction. In this study, I provide readings of four of Godwin’s novels—Caleb Williams, St. Leon, Fleetwood, and Mandeville—examming how this model of “mis-education” operates in all four texts in distinctly different ways, shaping the psychological development of the protagonists in such a way that their later years are marked by crises in their experience of identity and, more specifically, in their sense of masculine authority. Although a handful of critics have briefly examined the forms of “miseducation” experienced by each of these Godwinian heroes, none has explored the effects of such mis-education within the context of identity formation-that is, on the hero’s ability to self-actualize without the experience of profound personal and social alienation. This study thus offers a detailed examination of a cluster of interdependent themes that has received little or no critical attention in the scholarly examinations of these four novels: the central role that education, as the totalizing effect of one’s childhood lessons and experiences, has on the moral and psychological development of the subject, and-more specifically-how unfavourable circumstances conspire, in these texts, to create forms of “mis-education” that lead to later crises in identity and subjectivity; the importance of personal agency in the development of the subject-specifically, the ability to have “authorship” over the narratives of one’s life; the roles that language, self-expression, the imagination, and social convention play in the development of such agency and in the formation of an especially masculine identity; and, finally, the mediating function of women in the development of this masculine identity. The readings offered in this study should enrich the critical discussion of Godwin’s fiction, especially as such discussion relates to themes of gender and identity formation

A session-based architecture for Internet mobility

Thesis (Ph. D.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, February 2003.Includes bibliographical references (p. 179-189).The proliferation of mobile computing devices and wireless networking products over the past decade has led to an increasingly nomadic computing lifestyle. A computer is no longer an immobile, gargantuan machine that remains in one place for the lifetime of its operation. Today's personal computing devices are portable, and Internet access is becoming ubiquitous. A well-traveled laptop user might use half a dozen different networks throughout the course of a day: a cable modem from home, wide-area wireless on the commute, wired Ethernet at the office, a Bluetooth network in the car, and a wireless, local-area network at the airport or the neighborhood coffee shop. Mobile hosts are prone to frequent, unexpected disconnections that vary greatly in duration. Despite the prevalence of these multi-homed mobile devices, today's operating systems on both mobile hosts and fixed Internet servers lack fine-grained support for network applications on intermittently connected hosts. We argue that network communication is well-modeled by a session abstraction, and present Migrate, an architecture based on system support for a flexible session primitive. Migrate works with application-selected naming services to enable seamless, mobile "suspend/resume" operation of legacy applications and provide enhanced functionality for mobile-aware, session-based network applications, enabling adaptive operation of mobile clients and allowing Internet servers to support large numbers of intermittently connected sessions. We describe our UNIX-based implementation of Migrate and show that sessions are a flexible, robust, and efficient way to manage mobile end points, even for legacy applications.(cont.) In addition, we demonstrate two popular Internet servers that have been extended to leverage our novel notion of session continuations to enable support for large numbers of suspended clients with only minimal resource impact. Experimental results show that Migrate introduces only minor throughput degradation (less than 2% for moderate block sizes) when used over popular access link technologies, gracefully detects and suspends disconnected sessions, rapidly resumes from suspension, and integrates well with existing applications.by Mark Alexander Connell Snoeren.Ph.D

Ben Jonson\u27s Volpone : A Critical Variorum edition

Ben Jonson\u27s Volpone: A Critical Variorum provides modern scholars with a comprehensive bibliographic reference work devoted to Jonson\u27s early seventeenth-century dramatic comedy and its four hundred years of critical commentary. By joining together Jonson\u27s Volpone and the work\u27s full complement of editorial information and critical material, this Variorum edition illuminates the play\u27s entire history of critical reception and literary interpretation within a format that allows readers and researchers to follow the evolving lines of influence peculiar to the work\u27s critical tradition and to locate new areas of investigation. Based upon an authoritative copy of the 1607 quarto, the Variorum reprints Jonson\u27s primary text above a continuous subset of line-by-line annotations that reflects the history of glosses and notes produced by the play\u27s legion of editors and commentators. At a glance, readers may review each footnote\u27s chronological survey of the editorial insights and critical remarks related to either the elucidation of the text\u27s dramatic language or the identification of Jonson\u27s historical and literary allusions. Those early observations that have since developed into larger critical debates receive fuller treatments within the variorum\u27s extensive collection of appendices. Drawing upon printed materials ranging from the earliest contemporary allusions to established critical works to the latest journal articles, each subsection of the Appendix provides a chronological distillation of the most significant contributions made to the play\u27s long history of textual scholarship, literary interpretation, or theatrical evaluation. Among its expansive range of topics, the Variorum\u27s appendices compile and organize the critical material and textual information related to the play\u27s printing and editorial histories; Jonson\u27s source materials and literary influences; and literary studies of the play\u27s genre, themes, language, and characters. In addition to its footnoted annotations and fully developed appendices, this variorum edition also provides a complete bibliographic catalogue of critical materials and resources pertinent to the study of the text

The Ozark dialect

Thesis (M.A.)--University of Kansas, English, 1932

Study of the Epistle of Paul to the Romans 7:1-8:4 with special reference to the form, structure, and meaning of 7:7-25

Romans 7 is a famous orux interpretum. Its interpretation forms a Chapter of its own in the history of Pauline Studies. The purpose of this Thesis is to survey the field, identify the issues involved, indicate conclusions reached on these, and then suggest an approach to the problem which, we claim, meets many of the requirements of the case.Chapter 1 summarises the results of our investigations into the questions whioh belong to the sphere of "Introduction". We desoribe the Epistle as essentially a "creative synthesis". In assessing the Epistle a balance must be established between the background which is personal to Paul, the historical Church situation and the destination of the Letter. The purpose and structure of the Epistle are considered.Chapter 2 affirms the basic antithetical nature of Paul's thou$it and traces the development of the concept of law which belongs to this fundamental antithesis, until it becomes the major interest in Chapter 7.Chapter 3 explores the immediate context of the passage within which 7:7-25 is a digression.Chapter 4 extends the viewpoint to the Epistle a3 a whole. Our passage is related in particular to three other sections in the Epistle, namely, 1:18-3:20; 5:12-21; 9:1-11:36. The connecting link is the salvation history mode of thought.Chapter 5 oonoentrates attention on the understanding of the ??? in 7:7ff. A sketch is offered of the main interpretations which have been advanced, in order to give some appreciation of the history of the problem.Then note is taken of certain important attempts in recent times to clarify the problems in which positive contributions are made, in particular by ft.G. Kummel and R. Eultmana, An examination is made of other passages in Paul's writings from which light may be thrown on 7:7ff and the search for antecedents and parallels to the "I"-form is extended to the wider literary field. Attention is given to a possible relationship with Qumran. The conclusion is that the Old Testament and Judaism provide the relevant sources. Two major issues for the understanding of the are investigated - its relation to the Christian and then to Paul himself. A controlling esohatological tension is identified in each case, in the light of which negative answers are reached. Two lesser issues are dealt with - the primary theme of the passage is recognised as the function of the law in God's plan and the standpoint of the passage is defined as Christian.Chapter 6 proposes that 7:7-25 should be identified a3 an explicit dramatisation and arguments are advanced in support. The controverted issue of a Genesis allusion in vv7ff is dealt with exegetically with a positive conclusion. Factors in the preceding verses which predispose toward a dramatic portrayal are indicated. Hints are collected from the extensive literature and these supply tentative pointers in the direction w8 have travelled. Appeal is made to three essays of special interest, by P. Benoit, B. Ramm and H. Jonas. It is readily granted that a dramatic presentation is hardly what one would expect from the Hebrew background of Paul, but again predisposing factors can be adduced in Paul's frequent use of metaphor and apocalyptic imagery, in his use of the theological concept of "corporate personality", and in his personal adaptability. Arguments are led against too narrow an interpretation of ????? in the passage. A multiple use is in happy accord with our insistence on a dramatic portrayal.Chapter 7 seeks to analyse the passage in accordance with the view of its literary form which has been proposed. In this analysis exegesis is of first importanoe. Four scenes in the drama are identified, comprising vv7-11; 12-13; 14-24, 25a, to which there is appended a summarising conclusion or epilogue, v25b. The purpose of each scene and of the summarising conclusion is described and the content is dissected. In Scene 3, vv14-24, the proposal is made that a soliloquy is before us within the over-all dramatic portrayal. We claim that this insight helps to clarify some of the hitherto intractable problems. The essential continuity between vvl4ff and vv7ff is affirmed. The famous conflict or split is carefully analysed and is shown to consist of a conflict within a conflict, the one objective and the other subjective. Consideration is given to disputed issues - whether Paul is a systematic theologian, how his anthropological terms are to be understood, the extent to which he was influenced by Hebrew and by Greek culture.Chapter 8 presents the conclusions of our study. The search for a "key" to unlock all the problems is dismissed. The importance of an appreciation of the dramatic form and of attention to the eschatological factor is emphasised. The argument is summed up and five important questions are answered in the light of our investigation. The thesis ends with a summary of the main advantages resulting from the recognition of the dramatic form of 7:7-25

1905 Twenty - Second Conference Report Baltimore, MD.

https://place.asburyseminary.edu/ceinternationalbooks/1006/thumbnail.jp