A Scoping Review for the Parameters of Crowd Movement

Existing models which describe crowd movement are running out of time and are failing to take the change of people’s characteristics into account. The purpose of this study is to determine the “state-of- the-art” regarding the research within the field of crowd movement and identify parameters that influence crowd movement. To do this, a scoping review was conducted and the articles that were found were analyzed further according to a systematic framework. The outcome of the scoping review was an in-depth analysis of thirty-five articles. This analysis resulted in fifty identified parameters and the analysis of relationships between those showed that twenty-two of them may be considered as fundamental. Suggestions of further research are presented with respect to the articles included and the analysis made. This future research may be focused on the twenty-two fundamental parameters and in particular six out of those twenty-two

Homogeneity and Activeness of Crowd on Aged Pedestrian Dynamics

AbstractAn aging population is bringing new challenges to the management of escape routes and facility design in many countries. In this paper the movement properties of middle- and old-aged adults are studied with series of single-file movement experiments under laboratory conditions. The fundamental diagrams for two different groups of pedestrians and time-space diagrams are compared. For the groups with different composition and status, the fundamental diagrams are totally different but maintain the same trend. Active crowd leads to inhomogeneous pedestrian flow but higher flow rate, while inactive pedestrians prefer to keep pace with others or keep larger personal space, which leads to more jams and stop-and-go waves. Density and inhomogeneous of speed do not always play main roles on the appearance of stop-and-go