5,423 research outputs found
Deep learning in remote sensing: a review
Standing at the paradigm shift towards data-intensive science, machine
learning techniques are becoming increasingly important. In particular, as a
major breakthrough in the field, deep learning has proven as an extremely
powerful tool in many fields. Shall we embrace deep learning as the key to all?
Or, should we resist a 'black-box' solution? There are controversial opinions
in the remote sensing community. In this article, we analyze the challenges of
using deep learning for remote sensing data analysis, review the recent
advances, and provide resources to make deep learning in remote sensing
ridiculously simple to start with. More importantly, we advocate remote sensing
scientists to bring their expertise into deep learning, and use it as an
implicit general model to tackle unprecedented large-scale influential
challenges, such as climate change and urbanization.Comment: Accepted for publication IEEE Geoscience and Remote Sensing Magazin
Sparse-to-Continuous: Enhancing Monocular Depth Estimation using Occupancy Maps
This paper addresses the problem of single image depth estimation (SIDE),
focusing on improving the quality of deep neural network predictions. In a
supervised learning scenario, the quality of predictions is intrinsically
related to the training labels, which guide the optimization process. For
indoor scenes, structured-light-based depth sensors (e.g. Kinect) are able to
provide dense, albeit short-range, depth maps. On the other hand, for outdoor
scenes, LiDARs are considered the standard sensor, which comparatively provides
much sparser measurements, especially in areas further away. Rather than
modifying the neural network architecture to deal with sparse depth maps, this
article introduces a novel densification method for depth maps, using the
Hilbert Maps framework. A continuous occupancy map is produced based on 3D
points from LiDAR scans, and the resulting reconstructed surface is projected
into a 2D depth map with arbitrary resolution. Experiments conducted with
various subsets of the KITTI dataset show a significant improvement produced by
the proposed Sparse-to-Continuous technique, without the introduction of extra
information into the training stage.Comment: Accepted. (c) 2019 IEEE. Personal use of this material is permitted.
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Classification and Recovery of Radio Signals from Cosmic Ray Induced Air Showers with Deep Learning
Radio emission from air showers enables measurements of cosmic particle
kinematics and identity. The radio signals are detected in broadband Megahertz
antennas among continuous background noise. We present two deep learning
concepts and their performance when applied to simulated data. The first
network classifies time traces as signal or background. We achieve a true
positive rate of about 90% for signal-to-noise ratios larger than three with a
false positive rate below 0.2%. The other network is used to clean the time
trace from background and to recover the radio time trace originating from an
air shower. Here we achieve a resolution in the energy contained in the trace
of about 20% without a bias for of the traces with a signal. The
obtained frequency spectrum is cleaned from signals of radio frequency
interference and shows the expected shape.Comment: 20 pages, 13 figures, resubmitted to JINS
Deep learning in computational microscopy
We propose to use deep convolutional neural networks (DCNNs) to perform 2D and 3D computational imaging. Specifically, we investigate three different applications. We first try to solve the 3D inverse scattering problem based on learning a huge number of training target and speckle pairs. We also demonstrate a new DCNN architecture to perform Fourier ptychographic Microscopy (FPM) reconstruction, which achieves high-resolution phase recovery with considerably less data than standard FPM. Finally, we employ DCNN models that can predict focused 2D fluorescent microscopic images from blurred images captured at overfocused or underfocused planes.Published versio
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