Growth of thrombus core in supersaturated blood

AbstractThis article begins with the mass conservation of blood platelets on the Gibbs interface, and obtains a relation between interfacial curvature and interfacial concentration of a blood–thrombus. A two-dimensional model is established, and the time-dependent inner solution and outer solution are obtained using the perturbation method, the solution characteristics are discussed

The Nucleation and Growth of Calcium Phosphate Crystals at Protein and Phosphatidylserine Liposome Surfaces

The kinetics of calcium phosphate crystal growth at the surfaces of proteins and phospholipids has been investigated using free drift and constant composition methods in supersaturated calcium phosphate solutions (relative supersaturations: with respect to hydroxyapatite, HAP, σHAP = 15.0, and with respect to octacalcium phosphate, OCP, σOCP = 1. 9). Fibrinogen and collagen molecules adsorbed at hydrophobic surfaces as well as uncross-linked collagen fibrils induce ion binding and subsequent nucleation of calcium phosphate. The formation of OCP on phosphatidylserine vesicles introduced to highly supersaturated calcium phosphate solutions probably involves the interaction of the calcium ions with the ionized carboxylic groups of the phospholipid

Almanac 2015: coronary artery disease.

Posljednjih se godina prati veliki napredak u dijagnostici i liječenju bolesnika sa koronarnom bolesti srca (KBS). To uključuje primjenu novih biomarkera i metoda slikovnog prikaza u bolesnika s povišenim rizikom za nastanak KBS-a, zbrinjavanje akutnog infarkta miokarda s elevacijom ST segmenta, nove uređaje za liječenje angine refraktorne na terapiju lijekovima, uporabu nestatinskih hipolipemika, bolje razumijevanje rizika i prednosti dugoročne dvojne antitrombocitne terapije te uporabu novih antitrombocitnih lijekova.Recent years have seen major advances in the evaluation and treatment of patients with coronary artery disease. These include assessment of novel biomarkers and imaging methods for patients at risk for coronary artery disease, care of patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction, a novel device to treat medical refractory angina, use of non-statin lipid lowering agents, a better understanding of the risks and benefits of longterm dual antiplatelet therapy and the use of the newer antiplatelet agents

Ischemic heart disease pathophysiology paradigms overview. from plaque activation to microvascular dysfunction

Ischemic heart disease still represents a large burden on individuals and health care resources worldwide. By conventions, it is equated with atherosclerotic plaque due to flow-limiting obstruction in large–medium sized coronary arteries. However, clinical, angiographic and autoptic findings suggest a multifaceted pathophysiology for ischemic heart disease and just some cases are caused by severe or complicated atherosclerotic plaques. Currently there is no well-defined assessment of ischemic heart disease pathophysiology that satisfies all the observations and sometimes the underlying mechanism to everyday ischemic heart disease ward cases is misleading. In order to better examine this complicated disease and to provide future perspectives, it is important to know and analyze the pathophysiological mechanisms that underline it, because ischemic heart disease is not always determined by atherosclerotic plaque complication. Therefore, in order to have a more complete comprehension of ischemic heart disease we propose an overview of the available pathophysiological paradigms, from plaque activation to microvascular dysfunction

Specific and general binding in arterial drug delivery

Thesis (Ph. D.)--Harvard-MIT Division of Health Sciences and Technology, 2005.Includes bibliographical references.Drug-eluting stents have emerged as the most effective method for treating restenosis following percutaneous coronary interventions. This thesis investigates how drugs with similar physiochemical properties but different specific binding targets yield drastically different tissue transport, retention and ultimately efficacy independent of their putative biological effects. Our central hypothesis is that both specific and general binding of drugs to tissue proteins, as mediated by drug-specific physiochemical properties, plays a central role in arterial transport and distribution. We define and compare the kinetic and transport properties of clinically implemented compounds with different binding modes. While hydrophilic compounds are rapidly cleared, hydrophobic ones are retained with an arterial transmural distribution dependent upon the distribution of specific and general binding sites. Common systemically administered cardiac drugs compete with locally delivered agents through displacement of general binding sites. Exploration of drug binding in thrombus indicates significant specific and general binding capacity. Stent-to- arterial wall drug transfer is acutely sensitive to stent strut position in clot relative to the wall due to thrombus binding capacity. A poorly controlled microthrombotic environment around a stent strut can drastically enhance systemic washout while reducing delivery to the tissue. Together this body of work implies that specific and general binding plays a critical role in the clinical efficacy of locally delivered drugs, and must be a consideration in the rational design of stent-based delivery devices.by Andrew D. Levin.Ph.D

Proceedings of the 29th Annual Biochemical Engineering Symposium

The 29th Annual Biochemical Engineering Symposium was held at the University of Oklahoma on October 2, 1999. The objectives of the symposium were to provide (1) an opportunity for students to present and publish their work, and (2) a forum for informal discussion of bioengineering research being carried out at the participating universities. Sixteen papers presented at the symposium are included in these proceedings. Because final publication usually takes place in refereed journals, the articles here are typically brief and often cover work in progress. Contents Control of Dissolved Oxygen in Fed-Batch Bioreactors Using Adaptive Generalized Predictive Control - Laurent Simon and M. Nazmul Karim (Colorado State University). Phytoremediation of Corrosion Inhibitors in Aircraft Deicer Formulations - Sigifredo Castro Diaz, Lawrence C. Davis, Douglas Lupher, and Larry E. Erickson (Kansas State University). Biodegradation ofJet Fuels (JP-8) in the Presence of Vegetation - R. Karthikeyan, L.C. Davis, K.R. Mankin, L.E. Erickson, and P. Kulakow (Kansas State University). Bioprocessing Effect on the Stability of Recombinant f3-Glucuronidase (rGUS) and its Extractability from Transgenic Canota - Yun Bai (Iowa State University) and Zivko L. Nikolov (Iowa State University and ProdiGene, Inc., College Station, TX). Multistage Electrophoresis - Shramik Sengupta, Paul Todd, and K. S. M. S. Raghavarao (University of Colorado); and John Vellinger (SHOT Inc., Floyd Knob, Indiana). Micropatterned Biodegradable Polymer Films for Peripheral Nerve Regeneration - Cheryl Miller, Surya K. Mallapragada and Carole A. Heath (Iowa State University). Effects of Fluid-Induced Shear Stress and Simulated Aspects of Microgravity on Articular Cartilage Regeneration - David Wendt and Carole Heath (Iowa State University). Thrombolysis in a Rabbit Stroke Model Using Liposomal- Encapsulated Streptokinase - Kent Leach and Edgar O\u27Rear (University of Oklahoma); Yiwei Miao and Art Johnson (Texas A&M University); Eugene Patterson (University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center). Shear Stress Modulates Platelet Aggregation at a Site of Vascular Injury - Elizabeth Nguyen, Laura Worthen, and Matthias U. Nollert (University of Oklahoma). Effect of Poly (λ-Lactide) Microparticle Crystallinity on Alveolar Macrophage Inflammatory Response - D.L. Biggs and T.W. Randolph (University of Colorado); C.S. Lengsfeld (University ofDenver); L.K. Ng and M.C. Manning (UC Health Sciences Center). Characterization of Kinetics and Thermostability of Acremonium strictum Glucooligosaccharide Oxidase - Zhiliang Fan, Gbekeloluwa B. Oguntimein, and Peter J. Reilly (Iowa State University). Automated Docking of α-(1~4)- and α-(1~6)-Linked Glucosyl Trisaccharides and Maltopentaose into the Soybean β-Amylase Active Site. William M. Rockey, Alain Laederach, and Peter J. Reilly (Iowa State University). High-performance Anion-exchange Chromatography of Sugar and Glycerol Phosphates on Quaternary Ammonium Resins - Ian C. Schneider, Preston, J. · Rhamy, Ruth J. Fink-Winter, and Peter J. Reilly (Iowa State University). Effects of Salts on Subtilis in Crystallization - Xiaojing Pan and Charles E. Glatz (Iowa State University). A Microcosm Study on Biodegradation of Methyl tert-butyl Ether (MTBE) - Qizhi Zhang, Lawrence C. Davis, and Larry E. Erickson (Kansas State University). Toxic Effects of TCE on Soybean Seedlings - Jina Yang and Lawrence Davis (Kansas State University). Transport of Organic Chemicals through Living Plant Tissues - L. C. Davis, D. Lupher, Q. Zhang, J. Hu, and L. E. Erickson (Kansas State University). Intracellular Calcium Response of Endothelial Cells Exposed to Flow in the Presence of Thrombin or Histamine - Laura M. Worthen and Matthias U Nollert (University of Oklahoma).https://lib.dr.iastate.edu/bce_proceedings/1034/thumbnail.jp

Sonosensitive cavitation nuclei-a customisable platform technology for enhanced therapeutic delivery

Ultrasound-mediated cavitation shows great promise for improving targeted drug delivery across a range of clinical applications. Cavitation nuclei-sound-sensitive constructs that enhance cavitation activity at lower pressures-have become a powerful adjuvant to ultrasound-based treatments, and more recently emerged as a drug delivery vehicle in their own right. The unique combination of physical, biological, and chemical effects that occur around these structures, as well as their varied compositions and morphologies, make cavitation nuclei an attractive platform for creating delivery systems tuned to particular therapeutics. In this review, we describe the structure and function of cavitation nuclei, approaches to their functionalization and customization, various clinical applications, progress toward real-world translation, and future directions for the field