24,495 research outputs found
Fluctuations in time intervals of financial data from the view point of the Gini index
We propose an approach to explain fluctuations in time intervals of financial
markets data from the view point of the Gini index. We show the explicit form
of the Gini index for a Weibull distribution which is a good candidate to
describe the first passage time of foreign exchange rate. The analytical
expression of the Gini index gives a very close value with that of empirical
data analysis.Comment: 6pages, 3figures, using elsart.cl
Statistical Sources of Variable Selection Bias in Classification Tree Algorithms Based on the Gini Index
Evidence for variable selection bias in classification tree algorithms based on the Gini Index is reviewed from the literature and embedded into a broader explanatory scheme: Variable selection bias in classification tree algorithms based on the Gini Index can be caused not only by the statistical effect of multiple comparisons, but also by an increasing estimation bias and variance of the splitting criterion when plug-in estimates of entropy measures like the Gini Index are employed. The relevance of these sources of variable selection bias in the different simulation study designs is examined. Variable selection bias due to the explored sources applies to all classification tree algorithms based on empirical entropy measures like the Gini Index, Deviance and Information Gain, and to both binary and multiway splitting algorithms
How to Measure Carbon Equity: Carbon Gini Index Based on Historical Cumulative Emission Per Capita
This paper uses Lorenz Curve and Gini Index with adjustment to per capita historical cumulative emission and constructs Carbon Gini Index to measure inequality in climate change area. The analysis using Carbon Gini Index shows that 70% of carbon space in the atmosphere has been used for unequal distribution, which is almost the same as that of income in the country with the biggest gap between rich and poor in the world. The carbon equity should be an urgency and priority in the climate agenda. Carbon Gini Index established in this paper can be used to measure inequality in the distribution of carbon space and provide a quantified indicator for measurement of carbon equity among different proposals.Climate Change, Carbon Equity, Long-term Mitigation Goal, Cumulative Emission Per Capita, Carbon Gini Index
Estimation of Gini Index within Pre-Specied Error Bound
Gini index is a widely used measure of economic inequality. This article
develops a general theory for constructing a confidence interval for Gini index
with a specified confidence coefficient and a specified width. Fixed sample
size methods cannot simultaneously achieve both the specified confidence
coefficient and specified width.
We develop a purely sequential procedure for interval estimation of Gini
index with a specified confidence coefficient and a fixed margin of error.
Optimality properties of the proposed method, namely first order asymptotic
efficiency and asymptotic consistency are proved. All theoretical results are
derived without assuming any specific distribution of the data
Enhancing Automated Test Selection in Probabilistic Networks
In diagnostic decision-support systems, test selection amounts to selecting, in a sequential manner, a test that is expected to yield the largest decrease
in the uncertainty about a patient’s diagnosis. For capturing this uncertainty, often an information measure is used. In this paper, we study the Shannon entropy,
the Gini index, and the misclassification error for this purpose. We argue that the
Gini index can be regarded as an approximation of the Shannon entropy and that
the misclassification error can be looked upon as an approximation of the Gini
index. We further argue that the differences between the first derivatives of the
three functions can explain different test sequences in practice. Experimental results from using the measures with a real-life probabilistic network in oncology
support our observations
Inequality and Social Welfare
This paper provides a review of part of the literature on inequality and social welfare, with a special focus on the Gini index. The paper first presents the extended Gini index used for measuring inequality, as well as the source decomposition of the Gini used to analyze how changes in income and consumption sources affect overall inequality. The paper then provides a wide range of policy applications of the source decomposition of the extended Gini index, including techniques for analyzing the impact on inequality of the targeting of programs as opposed to the rules for the allocation of benefits among program participants.Inequality; Social welfare
About the Accuracy of Gini Index for Measuring the Poverty
The Gini index is often used to measure the income inequality presented inside a specified group of individuals and sometimes also for evaluating the “poverty” degree of this population. In this article we show that Gini’s index is not always so adequate to measure the poverty level of an analyzed population. More precisely, we’ll get two very different income distributions which finally give the same value for Gini’s index. Having in mind this aspect, we recommend with priority to use the Gini index only together with other similar or complementary poverty indicators to evaluate the poverty level of a given population.measurement and analysis of poverty, Gini index, Lorenz curve, income distribution, inequality index
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