Can computer game landscapes target new audiences for landscape quality assessment?

This paper investigates and reflects upon the use of digital game landscapes as tools for visual quality assessment. It explores three distinct but related questions. First, can game landscapes engage the missing “young-voice” in landscape evaluations? Second, is it possible to represent the reality of typical landscape vistas? Third, does familiarity with such virtual reality environments impact on overall landscape ratings? This research draws on empirical work undertaken for the Welsh Government to evaluate the impact of their agri-environmental scheme Glastir on the rural landscapes of Wales. This project employed a new, GIS-enabled method to evaluate visual landscape quality, tested using an online photographic preference survey. Whilst the survey was successful, receiving over 2200 responses, young people (<25 years) were significantly underrepresented in the self-selecting sample. To address this gap, we stepped out of the real-world landscapes that most geographers are comfortable with, into the virtual landscapes of gaming. Our response was to create a virtual Welsh landscape which could be navigated in games software and manipulated to mimic landscape changes. A second survey incorporating images of this virtual landscape was first targeted at computer games design students and then secondly to the wider public, with both groups undertaking the same assessment. Overall >70% of respondents were highly satisfied with the quality of the landscape visualisations. Of those who had visited rural Wales before, 64% gave a rating of at least 7 out of 10 for its representativeness. No significant differences in overall landscape ratings were observed between the two groups which is helpful as it indicates that gaming familiarity would not preclude the use of such landscape visualisations in public consultation exercises. This paper considers results from this pilot study and discusses the visual accuracy of the Welsh landscape created. Wider methodological issues are outlined alongside some of the interdisciplinary challenges involved in the construction of the landscape visualisation

Foundations of GAM Research. Methodological Guidelines for Designing and Conducting Research that Combines Games and Agent-based Models

This thesis presents the development of the games and agent-based model methodology and provides methodological guidelines for using GAM research, i.e., combining games and agent-based models in research. GAM research is rooted in complexity sciences and transdisciplinary research, offering valuable insights into complex, adaptable systems. GAM research has particular relevance in decision-making and complex-system management, thus fostering collaboration among scientists and non-academics from various disciplines. It is an engaging platform for data collection and stakeholder processes, thus enriching causal explanations. It should be noted that GAM research has the potential to overcome the limitations of traditional methods by facilitating hypothesis testing with simulation-based observations of human behaviours. Investigations in GAM research can change how social science addresses pressing global challenges. The immersive nature of games combined with agent-based models offers an innovative approach that attracts diverse participants, making it a promising tool for science that reaches beyond the classic academic spheres. As a comprehensive handbook, this thesis offers researchers inspiration and references for conducting GAM research across diverse application domains. This thesis presents an assessment of the state of research that combines games and agent-based models and proposes a structured approach to making progress in this field. Addressing the lack of a standardised methodology, this thesis is aimed at improving research practices, transparency, and replicability . Practical advice is provided for guiding researchers through designing and conducting GAM research, thus promoting rigorous and comprehensive studies