The biologic digestion of garbage with sewage sludge

Bibliography: p. 105-109

Heap Abstractions for Static Analysis

Heap data is potentially unbounded and seemingly arbitrary. As a consequence, unlike stack and static memory, heap memory cannot be abstracted directly in terms of a fixed set of source variable names appearing in the program being analysed. This makes it an interesting topic of study and there is an abundance of literature employing heap abstractions. Although most studies have addressed similar concerns, their formulations and formalisms often seem dissimilar and some times even unrelated. Thus, the insights gained in one description of heap abstraction may not directly carry over to some other description. This survey is a result of our quest for a unifying theme in the existing descriptions of heap abstractions. In particular, our interest lies in the abstractions and not in the algorithms that construct them. In our search of a unified theme, we view a heap abstraction as consisting of two features: a heap model to represent the heap memory and a summarization technique for bounding the heap representation. We classify the models as storeless, store based, and hybrid. We describe various summarization techniques based on k-limiting, allocation sites, patterns, variables, other generic instrumentation predicates, and higher-order logics. This approach allows us to compare the insights of a large number of seemingly dissimilar heap abstractions and also paves way for creating new abstractions by mix-and-match of models and summarization techniques.Comment: 49 pages, 20 figure

Tenement House Conditions in Five Rhode Island Cities

George H. Webb, Commissioner. Carol Aronovici, Special Agent. Rhode Island Bureau of Industrial Statistics. Part I of the Annual Report for 1910. A report commissioned by the Rhode Island Bureau of Industrial Statistics conducted in cooperation with the Rhode Island Bureau of Social Research, an agency of the Union for Christian Work, which examined the tenement housing conditions found in Providence, Pawtucket, Central Falls, Woonsocket, and Newport, RI.https://digitalcommons.providence.edu/ri_history/1017/thumbnail.jp

URBAN PLANNING WITH THE AID OF FACTOR ANALYSIS APPROACH: THE CASE OF ISFAHAN MUNICIPALITY

Nowadays municipalities play an important role in offering urban services to the citizens. To investigate performance of regional municipalities, different data on living situation must be considered. Thus, we face a multivariate analysis. In this research regarding capabilities of "Factor Analysis" technique in the area of multivariate analysis, we used this technique to construct latent factors for comparison of different districts of a city. Along these lines we examined the real case of Isfahan municipality. Isfahan is a major city in Iran. The results of our analysis show that instead of evaluating different variables in each region we can concentrate on two simple and informative criteria representing common welfare situation and development situation in each region. The proposed approach shows which factors are more important for each region of the city and how different regional municipalities can apply cost effective policies to improve their performance.Regional Municipalities, Multivariate Analysis, Factor Analysis, Isfahan.

An Environment for Analyzing Space Optimizations in Call-by-Need Functional Languages

We present an implementation of an interpreter LRPi for the call-by-need calculus LRP, based on a variant of Sestoft's abstract machine Mark 1, extended with an eager garbage collector. It is used as a tool for exact space usage analyses as a support for our investigations into space improvements of call-by-need calculi.Comment: In Proceedings WPTE 2016, arXiv:1701.0023

Mental context reinstatement reduces resistance to false suggestions after children have experienced a repeated event

When children allege repeated abuse, they are required to provide details about specific instances. This often results in children confusing details from different instances and so we examined whether ‘mental context reinstatement’ (MCR) could be used to improve children’s accuracy. Children (N = 120, 6-7-year olds) participated in 4 activities over a 2-week period and were interviewed about the last (4th) time with a standard recall or mental context reinstatement interview. They were then asked questions about specific details, and some questions contained false information. When interviewed again a day later, children in the MCR condition resisted false suggestions that were consistent with the event more than false suggestions that were inconsistent; in contrast, children in the standard interview condition were equally suggestible for both false detail types and showed a ‘yes bias’. The results suggest a practical way of eliciting more accurate information from child witnesses