9,019 research outputs found
Application of Fractal and Wavelets in Microcalcification Detection
Breast cancer has been recognized as one or the most frequent, malignant tumors in women, clustered microcalcifications in mammogram images has been widely recognized as an early sign of breast cancer. This work is devote to review the application of Fractal and Wavelets in microcalcifications detection
Modularity map of the network of human cell differentiation
Cell differentiation in multicellular organisms is a complex process whose
mechanism can be understood by a reductionist approach, in which the individual
processes that control the generation of different cell types are identified.
Alternatively, a large scale approach in search of different organizational
features of the growth stages promises to reveal its modular global structure
with the goal of discovering previously unknown relations between cell types.
Here we sort and analyze a large set of scattered data to construct the network
of human cell differentiation (NHCD) based on cell types (nodes) and
differentiation steps (links) from the fertilized egg to a crying baby. We
discover a dynamical law of critical branching, which reveals a fractal
regularity in the modular organization of the network, and allows us to observe
the network at different scales. The emerging picture clearly identifies
clusters of cell types following a hierarchical organization, ranging from
sub-modules to super-modules of specialized tissues and organs on varying
scales. This discovery will allow one to treat the development of a particular
cell function in the context of the complex network of human development as a
whole. Our results point to an integrated large-scale view of the network of
cell types systematically revealing ties between previously unrelated domains
in organ functions.Comment: 32 pages, 7 figure
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