1,043 research outputs found
Face hallucination under an image decomposition perspective
In this paper we propose to convert the task of face hallucination into an image decomposition problem, and thenuse the morphological component analysis (MCA) for hallucinating a single face image, based on a novel three-stepframework. Firstly, a low-resolution input image is up-sampled by interpolation. Then, the MCA is employed to decompose the interpolated image into a high-resolution image and an unsharp masking, as MCA can properly decompose a signal into special parts according to typical dictionaries. Finally, a residue compensation, which is based on the neighbour reconstruction of patches, is performed to enhance the facial details. The proposed method can effectively exploit the facial properties for face hallucination under the image decomposition perspective. Experimental results demonstrate the effectiveness of our method, in terms of the visual quality of the hallucinated face images
Pushing the Limits of Low-Resource Morphological Inflection
Recent years have seen exceptional strides in the task of automatic
morphological inflection generation. However, for a long tail of languages the
necessary resources are hard to come by, and state-of-the-art neural methods
that work well under higher resource settings perform poorly in the face of a
paucity of data. In response, we propose a battery of improvements that greatly
improve performance under such low-resource conditions. First, we present a
novel two-step attention architecture for the inflection decoder. In addition,
we investigate the effects of cross-lingual transfer from single and multiple
languages, as well as monolingual data hallucination. The macro-averaged
accuracy of our models outperforms the state-of-the-art by 15 percentage
points. Also, we identify the crucial factors for success with cross-lingual
transfer for morphological inflection: typological similarity and a common
representation across languages.Comment: to appear at EMNLP 201
An EMG study of the lip muscles during covert auditory verbal hallucinations in schizophrenia
Purpose: Auditory verbal hallucinations (AVHs) are speech perceptions in the
absence of a external stimulation. An influential theoretical account of AVHs
in schizophrenia claims that a deficit in inner speech monitoring would cause
the verbal thoughts of the patient to be perceived as external voices. The
account is based on a predictive control model, in which verbal self-monitoring
is implemented. The aim of this study was to examine lip muscle activity during
AVHs in schizophrenia patients, in order to check whether inner speech
occurred. Methods: Lip muscle activity was recorded during covert AVHs (without
articulation) and rest. Surface electromyography (EMG) was used on eleven
schizophrenia patients. Results: Our results show an increase in EMG activity
in the orbicularis oris inferior muscle, during covert AVHs relative to rest.
This increase is not due to general muscular tension since there was no
increase of muscular activity in the forearm muscle. Conclusion: This evidence
that AVHs might be self-generated inner speech is discussed in the framework of
a predictive control model. Further work is needed to better describe how the
inner speech monitoring dysfunction occurs and how inner speech is controlled
and monitored. This will help better understanding how AVHs occur
Fashioning identities : a thesis presented in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Arts in Sociology at Massey University
This research addresses the way in which individual and collective identities are constructed through fashions in the contemporary western world. The reciprocal and interdependent relationship of processually emergent identities, and fashion as a system of cultural representation, is initially established. The argument maintains that certain theoretical explanations of fashion have marginalised this component of the fashion process, and the aim of the thesis is to place the often contradictory junctures of fashions and identities in positions of central importance in the consideration of fashion dynamics. The argument critically reviews different feminist explanations of fashion, and the implications these have for feminist debates around gender and gender identity. The thesis further examines the sociological debates around modernism and postmodernism, and evaluates the contributions of this debate for both the study of fashion, and feminist understandings of identities. The research concludes that contemporary theoretical shifts in the investigation of fashions and identities are the fruition of a 'long revolution' in sociological theory and practice, which indicate important developments for the future resolution of critical problems in the theory of style and politics
Non-Relational Intentionality
This dissertation lays the foundation for a new theory of non-relational intentionality.
The thesis is divided into an introduction and three main chapters, each of which serves
as an essential part of an overarching argument. The argument yields, as its conclusion, a
new account of how language and thought can exhibit intentionality intrinsically, so that
representation can occur in the absence of some thing that is represented. The overarching
argument has two components: first, that intentionality can be profitably studied through
examination of the semantics of intensional transitive verbs (ITVs), and second, that providing
intensional transitive verbs with a nonrelational semantics will serve to provide us
with (at least the beginnings of) a non-relational theory of intentionality. This approach is
a generalization of Anscombe's views on perception. Anscombe held that perceptual verbs
such as "see" and "perceive" were ITVs, and that understanding the semantics of their object positions could help us to solve the problems of hallucination and illusion, and provide
a theory of perception more generally. I propose to apply this strategy to intentional states
and the puzzles of intentionality more generally, and so Anscombe's influence will be felt
all through the dissertation.
In the first chapter, titled "Semantic Verbs are Intensional Transitives", I argue that
semantic verbs such as "refers to", "applies to", and "is true of" have all of the features of intensional transitive verbs, and discuss the consequences of this claim for semantic theory and the philosophy of language. One theoretically enriching consequence of this view is
that it allows us to perspicuously express, and partially reconcile two opposing views on
the nature and subject-matter of semantics: the Chomskian view, on which semantics is an
internalistic enterprise concerning speakers' psychologies, and the Lewisian view, on which
semantics is a fully externalistic enterprise issuing in theorems about how the world must
look for our natural language sentences to be true. Intensional Transitive Verbs have two
readings: a de dicto reading and a de re reading; the de dicto reading of ITVs is plausibly a
nonrelational reading, and the intensional features peculiar to this reading make it suitable
for expressing a Chomskian, internalist semantic program. On the other hand, the de
re reading is fully relational, and make it suitable for expressing the kinds of word-world
relations essential to the Lewisian conception of semantics. And since the de dicto and de
re readings are plausibly related as two distinct scopal readings of the very same semantic
postulates, we can see these two conceptions of semantics as related by two scopal readings
of the very same semantic postulates.
In chapter two, titled "Hallucination and the New Problem of Empty Names", I argue
that the problem of hallucination and the problem of empty names are, at bottom, the
same problem. I argue for this by reconstructing the problem of empty names in way that
is novel, but implicit in much of the discussion on empty names. I then show how, once
recast in this light, the two problems are structurally identical down to an extremely fine
level of granularity, and also substantially overlap in terms of their content. If the problems
are identical in the way I propose, then we should expect that their spaces of solutions are
also identical, and there is signicant support for this conclusion. However, there are some
proposed solutions to the problem of hallucination that have been overlooked as potential
solutions to the problem of empty names, and this realization opens new non-relational
approaches to the problem of empty names, and to the nature of meaning more generally.
In chapter three, titled "Intensionality is Additional Phrasal Unity", I argue for a novel
approach to the semantics of intensional contexts. At the heart of my proposal is the
Quinean view that intensional contexts should, from the perspective of the semantics, be
treated as units, with the material in them contributing to the formation of a single predicate.
However, this proposal is subject to a number of objections, including the criticism
that taken at face value, this would render intensional contexts, which seem to be fully
productive, non-compositional. I begin by discussing the concept of the unity of the phrase,
and pointing to various ways that phrases can gain additional unity. I then proposes that
the intensionality of intensional transitive verbs is best construed as a form of semantic
incorporation; ITVs, on their intensional readings, meet all of the criteria for qualifying
as incorporating the nominals in their object positions. I then give a semantics for ITVs
that builds on existing views of the semantics of incorporation structures, and gesture at
how this can be extended to intensional clausal verbs, including the so-called propositional
attitude verbs
Valvekaameratel põhineva inimseire täiustamine pildi resolutsiooni parandamise ning näotuvastuse abil
Due to importance of security in the society, monitoring activities and recognizing specific
people through surveillance video camera is playing an important role. One of
the main issues in such activity rises from the fact that cameras do not meet the resolution
requirement for many face recognition algorithms. In order to solve this issue,
in this work we are proposing a new system which super resolve the image. First,
we are using sparse representation with the specific dictionary involving many natural
and facial images to super resolve images. As a second method, we are using deep
learning convulutional network. Image super resolution is followed by Hidden Markov
Model and Singular Value Decomposition based face recognition. The proposed system
has been tested on many well-known face databases such as FERET, HeadPose, and
Essex University databases as well as our recently introduced iCV Face Recognition
database (iCV-F). The experimental results shows that the recognition rate is increasing
considerably after applying the super resolution by using facial and natural image
dictionary. In addition, we are also proposing a system for analysing people movement
on surveillance video. People including faces are detected by using Histogram of Oriented
Gradient features and Viola-jones algorithm. Multi-target tracking system with
discrete-continuouos energy minimization tracking system is then used to track people.
The tracking data is then in turn used to get information about visited and passed
locations and face recognition results for tracked people
Day-Ahead Crude Oil Price Forecasting Using a Novel Morphological Component Analysis Based Model
As a typical nonlinear and dynamic system, the crude oil price movement is difficult to predict and its accurate forecasting remains the subject of intense research activity. Recent empirical evidence suggests that the multiscale data characteristics in the price movement are another important stylized fact. The incorporation of mixture of data characteristics in the time scale domain during the modelling process can lead to significant performance improvement. This paper proposes a novel morphological component analysis based hybrid methodology for modeling the multiscale heterogeneous characteristics of the price movement in the crude oil markets. Empirical studies in two representative benchmark crude oil markets reveal the existence of multiscale heterogeneous microdata structure. The significant performance improvement of the proposed algorithm incorporating the heterogeneous data characteristics, against benchmark random walk, ARMA, and SVR models, is also attributed to the innovative methodology proposed to incorporate this important stylized fact during the modelling process. Meanwhile, work in this paper offers additional insights into the heterogeneous market microstructure with economic viable interpretations
A Survey of Deep Face Restoration: Denoise, Super-Resolution, Deblur, Artifact Removal
Face Restoration (FR) aims to restore High-Quality (HQ) faces from
Low-Quality (LQ) input images, which is a domain-specific image restoration
problem in the low-level computer vision area. The early face restoration
methods mainly use statistic priors and degradation models, which are difficult
to meet the requirements of real-world applications in practice. In recent
years, face restoration has witnessed great progress after stepping into the
deep learning era. However, there are few works to study deep learning-based
face restoration methods systematically. Thus, this paper comprehensively
surveys recent advances in deep learning techniques for face restoration.
Specifically, we first summarize different problem formulations and analyze the
characteristic of the face image. Second, we discuss the challenges of face
restoration. Concerning these challenges, we present a comprehensive review of
existing FR methods, including prior based methods and deep learning-based
methods. Then, we explore developed techniques in the task of FR covering
network architectures, loss functions, and benchmark datasets. We also conduct
a systematic benchmark evaluation on representative methods. Finally, we
discuss future directions, including network designs, metrics, benchmark
datasets, applications,etc. We also provide an open-source repository for all
the discussed methods, which is available at
https://github.com/TaoWangzj/Awesome-Face-Restoration.Comment: 21 pages, 19 figure
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