4 research outputs found

    Extraction of damaged buildings due to the 2011 Tohoku, Japan earthquake tsunami

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    Development of an open-source mobile application for emergency data collection

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    This Master degree project identified disasters and emergencies as a global humanitarian and technological challenge. Emergency management organizations' need for access to accurate and up-to-date information about the emergency situation, to help respond to, recover from and mitigate the effects of disasters and emergencies, presents a challenge to the field of Geomatics. Today the use of remote sensing technologies presents an increasing number of solutions. There are types of spatial data, however, e.g. submerged, non-visual or otherwise hidden features that still require emergency field personnel and volunteers to interpret and record. By utilizing the increasing ubiquity and computational power of modern smartphones, in order to reach a large number of potential users and volunteers, a mobile application for emergency field data collection was developed. It was developed as a component of a system that, in order to be as collaborative, adaptable and accessible as possible, also to resource-poor organizations, was, with a minor exception, completely open-source licensed. Field trials were held that, due to low participation, could not conclusively evaluate the application and its general applicability to emergency field data collection. They did, however, provide an adequate proof-of-concept and showed that it was possible to apply the application and the implemented system to a specific emergency field data collection task. The system has great collaborative potential, achieved through openness, mobility, standards compliance, multi-source capability and adaptability. Its administrators are given a high degree of control that lets them adapt the system to suit the current users and situation and its flexibility make it widely applicable, not only for emergency management. From literature, the field trials and the experience gained while developing and using the application, some ideas for improving the application and the system were discussed and some future research topics were suggested.Under och efter katastrofer och nödsituationer samlas mĂ„nga olika organisationer för att hjĂ€lpa de drabbade. Det kan vara t.ex. polis, brandkĂ„r, sjukvĂ„rd, eller elbolag som mĂ„ste reparera ledningsnĂ€t. Vid större katastrofer kan myndigheter och internationella hjĂ€lporganisationer ocksĂ„ behöva komma till undsĂ€ttning. För att dessa organisationer ska kunna hjĂ€lpa till pĂ„ ett effektivt sĂ€tt mĂ„ste de ha tillgĂ„ng till uppdaterad och korrekt information om krislĂ€get. En stor del av den hĂ€r informationen Ă€r kopplad till en specifik plats; den Ă€r geografisk. Idag fĂ„r organisationer som jobbar med krishantering mycket av sin geografiska information frĂ„n satelliter och flygbilder, men en del typer av information kan inte ses med satellit. Dessa kan vara t.ex. ledningar som ligger begravda under markytan eller mĂ€nskliga skador och behov. DĂ€rför behövs ocksĂ„ nĂ„gon form av system som personal och volontĂ€rer i fĂ€lt kan anvĂ€nda för att rapportera till krisledningscentraler pĂ„ ett effektivt sĂ€tt. MĂ„nga sĂ„dana system har historiskt sett varit dyra att skaffa eftersom de krĂ€vt avancerade datorprogram och dyr teknisk utrustning till personalen i fĂ€lt. Eftersom de dessutom mĂ„nga gĂ„nger varit svĂ„ra att anvĂ€nda har det varit svĂ„rt för krishanterings-organisationer att fĂ„ ihop tillrĂ€ckligt mĂ„nga personer att hjĂ€lpa till. Det hĂ€r projektet syftade till att utveckla en mobil-app, d.v.s. ett program till moderna mobiltelefoner (s.k. smartphones). MĂ„let med appen var att alla som Ă€ger en smartphone av rĂ€tt typ skulle kunna bidra till att samla viktig geografisk information till krisledningscentralen. Genom att lĂ„ta appen vara en del av ett system som Ă€r helt gratis att anvĂ€nda och med öppen kĂ€llkod, kan Ă€ven organisationer med smĂ„ resurser och lite pengar anvĂ€nda den. Tack vare att sĂ„ mĂ„nga redan Ă€ger smartphones som de dessutom redan Ă€r vana vid att anvĂ€nda kan det bli lĂ€ttare att fĂ„ fler att kunna medverka. Utvecklingen av appen lyckades och hela systemet Ă€r gratis att anvĂ€nda och utgivet – nĂ€stan – helt med öppen kĂ€llkod. Appen testades, men av för fĂ„ deltagare för att kunna dra nĂ„gra definitiva slutsatser om systemet Ă€r lĂ€mpligt att anvĂ€nda för krishantering. Dock visade appen och systemet god potential under testerna och att det var möjligt att anvĂ€nda appen för att samla information i en katastrofsituation

    Interferometric Synthetic Aperture RADAR and Radargrammetry towards the Categorization of Building Changes

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    The purpose of this work is the investigation of SAR techniques relying on multi image acquisition for fully automatic and rapid change detection analysis at building level. In particular, the benefits and limitations of a complementary use of two specific SAR techniques, InSAR and radargrammetry, in an emergency context are examined in term of quickness, globality and accuracy. The analysis is performed using spaceborne SAR data
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