A Systematic Review of Urban Navigation Systems for Visually Impaired People

Blind and Visually impaired people (BVIP) face a range of practical difficulties when undertaking outdoor journeys as pedestrians. Over the past decade, a variety of assistive devices have been researched and developed to help BVIP navigate more safely and independently. In~addition, research in overlapping domains are addressing the problem of automatic environment interpretation using computer vision and machine learning, particularly deep learning, approaches. Our aim in this article is to present a comprehensive review of research directly in, or relevant to, assistive outdoor navigation for BVIP. We breakdown the navigation area into a series of navigation phases and tasks. We then use this structure for our systematic review of research, analysing articles, methods, datasets and current limitations by task. We also provide an overview of commercial and non-commercial navigation applications targeted at BVIP. Our review contributes to the body of knowledge by providing a comprehensive, structured analysis of work in the domain, including the state of the art, and guidance on future directions. It will support both researchers and other stakeholders in the domain to establish an informed view of research progress

Diseño geométrico preliminar de intercambio vial y modelación 3d en el kilómetro 19, carretera Panamericana Sur-Lima 2020

En este proyecto se propone aliviar la continuidad vehicular con un diseño preliminar de Intercambio Vial en una zona de intersección de una vía angosta con otra vía de mayor capacidad y con permisos para altas velocidades. El diseño contempla un ramal de enlace con desnivel conectada lateralmente. Los cálculos de diseño están alineados con las recomendaciones establecidas en el manual de carreteras DG-2018. Para el diseño geométrico se utilizó el programa Civil 3D 2018; mientras que para el modelamiento 3D se utilizó el programa Infraworks 2018. Las dimensiones del ramal de enlace tiene un ancho propuesto de 6.60 m, y tiene un gálibo de 5.50 m, respecto a la vía de alta velocidad. El servicio está proyectado para 20 años, y brindar acceso 1221 veh/día validado estadísticamente. La característica del pavimento es rígido en la zona del puente respecto al gálibo y pavimento flexible en el tramo restante. La prolongación del ramal de enlace incrementará el ancho de la vía de alta velocidad de 14 m a 20.60 m a lo largo de 100 m de longitud posterior al punto de intersección. Los estudios de topografía, de tráfico, planos de planta, perfil longitudinal y secciones transversales, complementan el desarrollo del proyecto. Los resultados de este proyecto son de extrema importancia para los diseños de Infraestructura Vial ya que permite aliviar el flujo de tráfico vehicular con un servicio de Infraestructura avanzad

Improving the Accuracy of Intersection Counts and Densities for Measuring Urban Street Network Compactness and Resilience

USDOT Grant 69A3551747109Caltrans 65A0674Intersection counts are ubiquitous in transportation planning practice and research. They are frequently normalized by area to calculate intersection density, the most common measure of compact street network design in planning practice. However, due to the nature of typical street network data (centerlines) and the typical tools used to count intersections (desktop geographic information systems [GIS]), traditional methods of counting intersections can significantly overcount them. This project addresses this long-standing problem of intersection count bias. First, it develops and distributes an algorithm to automatically and correctly calculate intersection counts and densities anywhere in the world, using a novel topological consolidation method. Second, it conducts a worldwide empirical assessment of traditional intersection counting methods\u2019 bias to quantify the importance of measurement bias and to validate our algorithm. Third, it assesses this bias\u2019s impact on resilience simulations\u2019 results and identifies the street network design characteristics that are most related to resilience. In transportation planning, innumerable downstream models and measures \u2014 from energy efficiency certification schemes to resilience simulations \u2014 rely on intersection counts as input data. A full accounting of input data bias and better methods to overcome misrepresentations of intersections are necessary for data-driven, evidence-based planning for sustainable transportation networks that support active and resilient travel