Operator splittings and spatial approximations for evolution equations

The convergence of various operator splitting procedures, such as the sequential, the Strang and the weighted splitting, is investigated in the presence of a spatial approximation. To this end a variant of Chernoff's product formula is proved. The methods are applied to abstract partial delay differential equations.Comment: to appear in J. Evol. Equations. Reviewers comments are incorporate

Regular order reductions of ordinary and delay-differential equations

We present a C program to compute by successive approximations the regular order reduction of a large class of ordinary differential equations, which includes evolution equations in electrodynamics and gravitation. The code may also find the regular order reduction of delay-differential equations.Comment: 4 figure

A fast and precise method to solve the Altarelli-Parisi equations in x space

A numerical method to solve linear integro-differential equations is presented. This method has been used to solve the QCD Altarelli-Parisi evolution equations within the H1 Collaboration at DESY-Hamburg. Mathematical aspects and numerical approximations are described. The precision of the method is discussed.Comment: 18 pages, 4 figure

Deterministic Equations for Stochastic Spatial Evolutionary Games

Spatial evolutionary games model individuals who are distributed in a spatial domain and update their strategies upon playing a normal form game with their neighbors. We derive integro-differential equations as deterministic approximations of the microscopic updating stochastic processes. This generalizes the known mean-field ordinary differential equations and provide a powerful tool to investigate the spatial effects in populations evolution. The deterministic equations allow to identify many interesting features of the evolution of strategy profiles in a population, such as standing and traveling waves, and pattern formation, especially in replicator-type evolutions

Enzyme kinetics far from the standard quasi-steady-state and equilibrium approximations

Analytic approximations of the time-evolution of the single enzyme-substrate reaction are valid for all but a small region of parameter space in the positive initial enzyme-initial substrate concentration plane. We find velocity equations for the substrate decomposition and product formation with the aid of the total quasi-steady-state approximation and an aggregation technique for cases where neither the more normally employed standard nor reverse quasi-steady-state approximations are valid. Applications to determining reaction kinetic parameters are discussed

Non-linear QCD evolution with improved triple-pomeron vertices

In a previous publication, we have constructed a set of non-linear evolution equations for dipole scattering amplitudes in QCD at high energy, which extends the Balitsky-JIMWLK hierarchy by including the effects of fluctuations in the gluon number in the target wavefunction. In doing so, we have relied on the color dipole picture, valid in the limit where the number of colors is large, and we have made some further approximations on the relation between scattering amplitudes and dipole densities, which amount to neglecting the non-locality of the two-gluon exchanges. In this Letter, we relax the latter approximations, and thus restore the correct structure of the `triple-pomeron vertex' which describes the splitting of one BFKL pomeron into two within the terms responsible for fluctuations. The ensuing triple-pomeron vertex coincides with the one previously derived by Braun and Vacca within perturbative QCD. The evolution equations can be recast in a Langevin form, but with a multivariable noise term with off-diagonal correlations. Our equations are shown to be equivalent with the modified version of the JIMWLK equation recently proposed by Mueller, Shoshi, and Wong.Comment: 15 page