20 research outputs found
Learning to Predict the Cosmological Structure Formation
Matter evolved under influence of gravity from minuscule density
fluctuations. Non-perturbative structure formed hierarchically over all scales,
and developed non-Gaussian features in the Universe, known as the Cosmic Web.
To fully understand the structure formation of the Universe is one of the holy
grails of modern astrophysics. Astrophysicists survey large volumes of the
Universe and employ a large ensemble of computer simulations to compare with
the observed data in order to extract the full information of our own Universe.
However, to evolve trillions of galaxies over billions of years even with the
simplest physics is a daunting task. We build a deep neural network, the Deep
Density Displacement Model (hereafter DM), to predict the non-linear
structure formation of the Universe from simple linear perturbation theory. Our
extensive analysis, demonstrates that DM outperforms the second order
perturbation theory (hereafter 2LPT), the commonly used fast approximate
simulation method, in point-wise comparison, 2-point correlation, and 3-point
correlation. We also show that DM is able to accurately extrapolate far
beyond its training data, and predict structure formation for significantly
different cosmological parameters. Our study proves, for the first time, that
deep learning is a practical and accurate alternative to approximate
simulations of the gravitational structure formation of the Universe.Comment: 8 pages, 5 figures, 1 tabl
Extracting cosmological parameters from N-body simulations using machine learning techniques
We make use of snapshots taken from the Quijote suite of simulations,
consisting of 2000 simulations where five cosmological parameters have been
varied (, , , and ) in order to
investigate the possibility of determining them using machine learning
techniques. In particular, we show that convolutional neural networks can be
employed to accurately extract and from the N-body
simulations, and that these parameters can also be found from the non-linear
matter power spectrum obtained from the same suite of simulations using both
random forest regressors and deep neural networks. We show that the power
spectrum provides competitive results in terms of accuracy compared to using
the simulations and that we can also estimate the scalar spectral index
from the power spectrum, at a lower precision.Comment: 11 pages, 5 figure