Energy aware traffic engineering

Over-provisioning of network resources, i.e., routers and links, provides a unique opportunity for energy aware traffic engineering. In the thesis, we design three heuristic approaches, i.e., SSPF, MSPF, and 2DP-SP to solve three proposed green routing problems, i.e., SP-EAR, MP-EAR, and EAR-2DP. Our simulation results show the trade-off between power savings and network performances, i.e., maximum link utilization, path length, and route reliability, when using green routings algorithms

ENERGY AWARE TRAFFIC ENGINEERING IN WIRED COMMUNICATION NETWORKS

The reduction of power consumption in communication networks has become a key issue for both the Internet Service Providers (ISP) and the research community. Ac- cording to different studies, the power consumption of Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) varies from 2% to 10% of the worldwide power consumption [1,2]. Moreover, the expected trends for the future predict a notably increase of the ICT power consumption, doubling its value by 2020 [2] and growing to around 30% of the worldwide electricity demand by 2030 according to business-as-usual evaluation scenarios [15]. It is therefore not surprising that researchers, manufacturers and network providers are spending significant efforts to reduce the power consumption of ICT systems from dif- ferent angles. To this extent, networking devices waste a considerable amount of power. In partic- ular, their power consumption has always been increased in the last years, coupled with the increase of the offered performance [16]. Actually, power consumption of network- ing devices scales with the installed capacity, rather than the current load [17]. Thus, for an ISP the network power consumption is practically constant, unrespectively to traffic fluctuations. However, actual traffic is subject to strong day/night oscillations [3]. Thus, many devices are underutilized, especially during off-peak hours when traffic is low. This represents a clear opportunity for saving energy, since many resources (i.e., routers and links) are powered on without being fully utilized. In this context, resource consolidation is a known paradigm for the reduction of the power consumption. It consists in having a carefully selected subset of network devices entering a low power state, and use the rest to transport the required amount of traffic. This is possible without disrupting the Quality of Service (QoS) offered by the network infrastructure, since communication networks are designed over the peak foreseen traffic request, and with redundancy and over-provisioning in mind. In this thesis work, we present different techniques to perform resource consolida- tion in backbone IP-based networks, ranging from centralized solutions, where a central entity computes a global solution based on an omniscient vision of the network, to dis- tributed solutions, where single nodes take independent decisions on the local power- state, based solely on local knowledge. Moreover, different technological assumptions are made, to account for different possible directions of the network devices evolutions, ranging from the possibility to switch off linecard ports, to whole network nodes, and taking into account different power consumption profiles

Evaluating the Impact of Energy-Aware Routing on Software-Defined Networking Performance

[EN] Increasing power consumption and CO2 emissions generated by large data networks have become a major concern over the last decade. For this problem, the emerging paradigm of Software-Defined Networks (SDN) can be seen as an attractive solution. In these networks an energy-aware routing model could be easily implemented leveraging the control and data plane separation. This paper investigates the impact of energy-aware routing on SDN performance. To that end, we propose a novel energy- aware mechanism that reduces the number of active links in SDN with multiple controllers, considering in-band control traffic, i.e. links are shared between data and control plane traffic. The proposed strategy exploits knowledge of the network topology combined with traffic engineering techniques to reduce the overall power consumption. Therefore, two heuristic algorithms are designed: a static network configuration and a dynamic energy-aware routing. Significant values of switched-off links are reached in the simulations using real topologies and demands data. Moreover, obtained results confirm that crucial network parameters such as control traffic delay, data path latency, link utilization and TCAM occupation are affected by the performance-agnostic energy-aware model.This work has been supported by the Ministerio de Econom´ıa y Competitividad of the Spanish Government under project TEC2016-76795-C6-1-R and AEI/FEDER, UE and through a predoctoral FPI scholarship.Fernández-Fernández, A.; Cervelló-Pastor, C.; Ochoa-Aday, L. (2018). Evaluating the Impact of Energy-Aware Routing on Software-Defined Networking Performance. En XIII Jornadas de Ingeniería telemática (JITEL 2017). Libro de actas. Editorial Universitat Politècnica de València. 241-248. https://doi.org/10.4995/JITEL2017.2017.6489OCS24124

Minimizing Energy and Link Utilization in ISP Backbone Networks with multi-path Routing: A Bi-level Approach

International audienceIn recent years, green networking has attracted a lot of attention from device manufacturers and Internet Service Providers (ISP) to reduce energy consumption. In the literature, energy-aware traffic engineering problem is proposed to minimize the total energy consumption by switching off unused network devices (routers and links) while guaranteeing full network connectiv-ity. In this work, we are interested in the problem of energy-aware Traffic Engineering while using multi-path routing (ETE-MPR) to minimize link capacity utilization in ISP backbone networks. To this end, we propose a bi-level optimization model where the upper level represents the energy management function , and the lower level refers to the deployed multi-path routing protocol. Then, we reformulate it as a one-level MILP replacing the second level problem by different sets of optimality conditions. We further use these formulations to solve the problem with classical branch-and-bound, cutting plane, and branch-and-cut algorithms. The computational experiments are performed on real instances to compare the proposed algorithms and to evaluate the efficiency of our model against the existing single-path and multi-objective approaches

On the effects of energy-aware traffic engineering on routing reliability

Current network infrastructures are over-provisioned to increase their resilience against resource failures, e.g., bundled links and nodes, as well as congestion during peak hours. However such strategies waste resources as well as exhibit poor energy efficiency at off-peak periods. To this end, several energy aware routing algorithms have been proposed to maximally switch off redundant network resource at low traffic load to minimize energy usage. These routing solutions, however, do not consider network reliability as critical back-off links/nodes maybe switched off. Henceforth, we aim to quantify the effects of five recently proposed green routing approaches, namely FGH, GreenTE, MSPF, SSPF, and TLDP, on the following two reliability measures: (i) 2-terminal reliability (ii) path reliability. Experiments using three topologies with real and synthetic traffic demands show that switching off redundant links significantly affects the 2-terminal reliability. Routing traffic through multiple paths has lesser reliability impact while reducing energy, especially when the paths are link disjoint. Interestingly, TDLP and MSPF have better path reliabilities than using shortest path routing

An openflow architecture for energy-aware traffic engineering in mobile networks

To cope with the growing traffic demand, future mobile networks will be denser and integrate heterogeneous technologies. However, if not properly engineered, such networks may incur huge energy waste when there is little traffic, and may suffer from an unbearable management burden caused by the variety of technologies integrated. In this article, we propose and implement a novel management architecture for mobile networks based on OpenFlow, which supports resource-on-demand provisioning in a centralized control plane, and hides the technology specifics from the controller through the use of abstractions. The feasibility of the approach is demonstrated by a real-life prototype based on commercial off-the-shelf devices.This work has been partly supported by the European Community through the iJOIN (FP7-ICT-317941) and CROWD (FP7-ICT-318115) projects. Apart from this, the European Commission has no responsibility for the content of this article.Publicad

Energy aware traffic engineering in wired communication networks

Que le phénomène découle d une prise de conscience des conséquences sur l environnement, d une opportunité économique ou d une question de réputation et de commerce, la réduction des émissions de gaz à effets de serre est récemment devenue un objectif de premier plan. Les individus, les entreprises et les gouvernements effectuent un effort important pour réduire la dépense énergétique de multiples secteurs d activité. Parallèlement, les technologies de l information et de la communication sont de plus en plus présentes dans la plupart des activités humaines et l on a estimé que 2% des émissions de gaz à effets de serre pouvaient leur être attribuées, cette proportion atteignant 10 % dans les pays fortement industrialisés [1, 2]. Si ces chiffres paraissent raisonnables aujourd hui, ils sont certainement appelés à croître à l avenir. À l heure du cloud computing, les infrastructures de calcul et de communication demandent de plus en plus de performance et de disponibilité et imposent l utilisation de matériels puissants et engendrant une consommation d énergie importante du fait de leur fonctionnement direct, mais aussi à cause du refroidissement qu ils nécessitent. En outre, les contraintes de disponibilité imposent une conception d architectures redondantes et dimensionnées sur une charge crête. Les infrastructures sont donc souvent sous-utilisées et adapter leur niveau de performance à la charge effectivement constatée constitue une piste d optimisation prometteuse à divers niveaux. Si l on adopte un strict point de vue environnemental, l objectif du Green Networking consiste à réduire le volume d émissions de gaz à effets de serre dues au processus de communication. L utilisation de sources d énergie renouvelables ou d électronique de faible consommation (par exemple asynchrone) constituent des pistes évidentes d amélioration.The reduction of power consumption in communication networks has become a key issue for both the Internet Service Providers (ISP) and the research community. Ac- cording to different studies, the power consumption of Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) varies from 2% to 10% of the worldwide power consumption [1, 2]. Moreover, the expected trends for the future predict a notably increase of the ICT power consumption, doubling its value by 2020 [2] and growing to around 30% of the worldwide electricity demand by 2030 according to business-as-usual evaluation scenarios [15]. It is therefore not surprising that researchers, manufacturers and network providers are spending significant efforts to reduce the power consumption of ICT systems from dif- ferent angles. To this extent, networking devices waste a considerable amount of power. In partic- ular, their power consumption has always been increased in the last years, coupled with the increase of the offered performance [16]. Actually, power consumption of network- ing devices scales with the installed capacity, rather than the current load [17]. Thus, for an ISP the network power consumption is practically constant, unrespectively to traffic fluctuations. However, actual traffic is subject to strong day/night oscillations [3]. Thus, many devices are underutilized, especially during off-peak hours when traffic is low. This represents a clear opportunity for saving energy, since many resources (i.e., routers and links) are powered on without being fully utilized. In this context, resource consolidation is a known paradigm for the reduction of the power consumption. It consists in having a carefully selected subset of network devices entering a low power state, and use the rest to transport the required amountof traffic.PARIS-Télécom ParisTech (751132302) / SudocSudocFranceF