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SMALL TOURISM BUSINESS SURVIVAL IN THE EASTERN CARIBBEAN

This study investigates the role of strategic approaches in the survival of small tourism businesses in the Eastern Caribbean, focusing specifically on Antigua and Barbuda, Dominica, and St. Lucia. Despite the acknowledged significance of strategic management in fostering business growth and longevity, scant attention has been given to traditional strategic approaches within small tourism enterprises in developing economies heavily reliant on tourism. The Caribbean, renowned for its diverse and attractive tourism offerings, remains a hotbed for multinational tourism corporations, yet the impact of small businesses within this economic landscape remains understudied. Drawing from an exploratory sequential mixed methods design, the study combines qualitative interviews with 31 participants and a survey of 217 small tourism businesses to elucidate the internal and external factors influencing survival and explore specific strategic approaches employed by these enterprises. Findings reveal five validated factors—low season impact, peak and off-peak dynamics, strategic closure, management, and survival—identified through a newly developed measuring instrument (SIDE). Contrary to prevailing assumptions, the study concludes that strategic approaches do not significantly contribute to small tourism business survival in the Eastern Caribbean. External challenges such as political influences, networking constraints, competition, and seasonality, alongside internal obstacles like employee deviance, emerge as critical barriers to survival. These findings underline the intense business environment faced by small tourism enterprises in developing economies reliant on tourism, urging scholars and policymakers to consider these dynamics in future research and decision-making processes. While the research provides a theoretical foundation for understanding survival dynamics, it acknowledges the existence of additional factors shaping small tourism business survival within the dynamic tourism industry, emphasizing the need for future studies to explore these dimensions comprehensively