Secret Key Generation Schemes for Physical Layer Security

Physical layer security (PLS) has evolved to be a pivotal technique in ensuring secure wireless communication. This paper presents a comprehensive analysis of the recent developments in physical layer secret key generation (PLSKG). The principle, procedure, techniques and performance metricesare investigated for PLSKG between a pair of users (PSKG) and for a group of users (GSKG). In this paper, a detailed comparison of the various parameters and techniques employed in different stages of key generation such as, channel probing, quantisation, encoding, information reconciliation (IR) and privacy amplification (PA) are provided. Apart from this, a comparison of bit disagreement rate, bit generation rate and approximate entropy is also presented. The work identifies PSKG and GSKG schemes which are practically realizable and also provides a discussion on the test bed employed for realising various PLSKG schemes. Moreover, a discussion on the research challenges in the area of PLSKG is also provided for future research

Iot Based Alzheimer’s Disease Diagnosis Model for Providing Security Using Light Weight Hybrid Cryptography

Security in the Internet of things (IoT) is a broad yet active research area that focuses on securing the sensitive data being circulated in the network. The data involved in the IoT network comes from various organizations, hospitals, etc., that require a higher range of security from attacks and breaches. The common solution for security attacks is using traditional cryptographic algorithms that can protect the content through encryption and decryption operations. The existing solutions are suffering from major drawbacks, including computational complexities, time and space complexities, slower encryption, etc. Therefore, to overcome such drawbacks, this paper introduces an efficient light weight cryptographic mechanism to secure the images of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) being transmitted in the network. The mechanism involves major stages such as edge detection, key generation, encryption, and decryption. In the case of edge detection, the edge maps are detected using the Prewitt edge detection technique. Then the hybrid elliptic curve cryptography (HECC) algorithm is proposed to encrypt and secure the images being transmitted in the network. For encryption, the HECC algorithm combines blowfish with the elliptic curve algorithm to attain a higher range of security. Another significant advantage of the proposed method is selecting the ideal private key, which is achieved using the enhanced seagull optimization (ESO) algorithm. The proposed work has been tested in the Python tool, and the performance is evaluated with the Alzheimer’s dataset, and the outcomes proved its efficacy over the compared methods

Adopt an optimal location using a genetic algorithm for audio steganography

With the development of technologies, most of the users utilizing the Internet for transmitting information from one place to another place. The transmitted data may be affected because of the intermediate user. Therefore, the steganography approach is applied for managing the secret information. Here audio steganography is utilized to maintain the secret information by hiding the image into the audio files. In this work, discrete cosine transforms, and discrete wavelet transform is applied to perform the Steganalysis process. The optimal hiding location has been identified by using the optimization technique called a genetic algorithm. The method utilizes the selection, crossover and mutation operators for selecting the best location. The chosen locations are difficult to predict by unauthorized users because the embedded location is varied from information to information. Then the efficiency of the system ensures the high PSNR, structural similarity index (SSIM), minimum mean square error value and Jaccard, which is evaluated on the audio Steganalysis dataset

Robust Color Image Encryption Scheme Based on RSA via DCT by Using an Advanced Logic Design Approach

تتزايد أهمية أمن المعلومات في تخزين البيانات ونقلها. من جانب اخر يتم استخدام الصور في العديد من الإجراءات. لذلك ، يعد منع الوصول غير المصرح به إلى بيانات الصورة أمرًا بالغ الأهمية من خلال تشفير الصور لاجل حماية البيانات الحساسة او الخصوصية. تتنوع طرق وخوارزميات إخفاء الصور أو تشفيرها من طرق المجال المكاني البسيطة إلى طرق مجال التردد والذي يعتبر الأكثر تعقيدًا وموثوقية. في هذا البحث ، نقترح نظام تشفير جديد يعتمد على منهجية تهجين مولد المفتاح العشوائي من خلال الاستفادة من خصائص DCT لتوليد مجموعة غير محددة من المفاتيح العشوائية والاستفادة من معاملات المنطقة منخفضة التردد بعد مرحلة DCT لتمريرها إلى نظام فرعي يتكون من مجموعة RLG للحصول على المفاتيح السرية التي يتم تمريرها إلى RSA لتنتهي بتشفير الصورة. تشير النتائج إلى أن الطريقة المقترحة لها القدرة على تولد مجموعة كبيرة جدًا من المفاتيح السرية شديدة التعقيد والآمنة التي يمكن استخدامها لاحقًا في مرحلة التشفير. علاوة على ذلك ، سيتغير عدد وتعقيد تلك المفاتيح في كل مرة يتم فيها تغيير الصورة، وهذا يمثل مساهمة الطريقة المقترحة. ولم نلاحظ اي ضياع للوقت أثناء عمليات التشفير وفك التشفير لاستخدامنا RLG ، مما يدل على أن النظام المقترح قام بعمل جيد في صنع مفاتيح مختلفة من نفس الصورة. ويختلف في قوة المفتاح من صورة إلى أخرى حسب طبيعة الصورة الملونة.Information security in data storage and transmission is increasingly important. On the other hand, images are used in many procedures. Therefore, preventing unauthorized access to image data is crucial by encrypting images to protect sensitive data or privacy. The methods and algorithms for masking or encoding images vary from simple spatial-domain methods to frequency-domain methods, which are the most complex and reliable. In this paper, a new cryptographic system based on the random key generator hybridization methodology by taking advantage of the properties of Discrete Cosine Transform (DCT) to generate an indefinite set of random keys and taking advantage of the low-frequency region coefficients after the DCT stage to pass them to a subsystem consisting of an Reversible Logic Gate (RLG) group to obtain the secret keys that are passed to Rivest Shamir Adleman (RSA) to finish encrypting the image. The results indicate that the proposed method has the ability to generate a very large set of highly complex and secure secret keys that can be used later in the encryption stage. Moreover, the number and complexity of those keys will change each time the image is changed, and this represents the contribution of the proposed method. They experienced no time loss throughout the encryption and decryption processes when using RLG, which indicates that the proposed system did a good job in making different keys from the same image. And it differs in the strength of the key from one image to another, depending on the nature of the color imge