The long term impact of Vietnam war's veteran on economic governance

I investigate the effects of Vietnam War’s veteran on long run economic development in Vietnam. Using a unique dataset containing the number of war invalids at province levels, I find the number of war invalids from each province to be an important determinant of its current economic performance. To correct for potential biases arising from reverse causality, measurement error and unobservable province characteristics, I use an instrumental variable approach exploiting distance to the 17th parallel demilitarized zone. I also find that the importance of the war invalids for contemporary development is a result of its impacts on overall provincial economic governance and other disaggregated economic institutions, such as the pro-activity of provincial leadership, the quality of the legal institutions and services supporting business development.War invalids, economic governance, economic development, Vietnam

Not Sacrificing Forests for Socio-Economic Development: Vietnam Chooses a Harmonious, Ecologically Balanced Approach

Forests play fundamental roles in the Earth’s ecosystems. With the great capability of carbon sequestration, tropical forests are expected to contribute substantially to reducing the CO2 in Earth’s atmosphere. However, global tropical forest areas have declined drastically over the last few decades due to pressures from socio-economic development pursuit. The current essay aims to demonstrate the ongoing global deforestation crisis and its underlying drivers and discuss the vital roles of tropical forests in the socio-economic development in the face of climate change when developed countries start to tighten the carbon emission control regulations (e.g., European Union’s Carbon Border Adjustment Mechanism). It suggests why developing countries in tropical regions, particularly Vietnam, should not sacrifice forests for short- and medium-term socio-economic goals but capitalize on them to leverage long-term development. Moreover, evidence of Vietnamese political leaders’ commitment to forest protection and sustainable development is also provided

From GHGs Abatement Potential To Viable CDM Projects - The Cases of Cambodia, Lao PDR and Vietnam

This study evaluates the CDM potential in Cambodia, Lao PDR and Vietnam by focusing not only on the absolute GHG abatement value of these countries. Rather, the potential of CDM inflows into the three countries will be identified through assessing the comparative CDM endowment on the basis of an holistic analysis of each country, thereby highlight the relative positions of Cambodia, Lao PDR, and Vietnam in the global CDM market. The three main factors determining the competitiveness of Cambodia, Laos and Vietnam in the global CDM market will be examined, namely "Potential supply size - countries' facts", "Country business climate" and "Country CDM institutions and CDM project experience". The study shows the overall competitiveness level of each studied country as well as discusses which activities a country shall take to maximise the opportunities to convert theoretical mitigation options into real CDM investments. In Vietnam, for instance, the highest challenge now is to make CDM ideas economically feasible. This study shows that it is questionable that a boom of CDM investment inflows into Vietnam or - in more quantitative word - a dozen of CDM projects will be registered before 2012. In Cambodia, the probability to get a couple of CDM projects running in the first commitment period is not high although the country is quite ahead in establishing their CDM institutions in comparison with other LDCs. One of the solutions to get through the narrow window is to gain attention from multilateral carbon funds, like the Community Development Carbon Fund (CDCF) and Bio Carbon Fund (BioCF). In the case of Lao PDR, this study demonstrates that the entry into the CDM is likely to be extremely high competitive for them given their poor CDM endowment and the "lag behind" activities of the government in constituting its own CDM structure. Thus, Laos needs to make a greater effort to develop its capacity to provide a basic sufficient framework to make the country as of one CDM-LDC destination in the international donors' eyes.Environmental Economics and Policy,

THEORETICAL ISSUES IN DIGITAL TRANSFORMATION AT HANOI METROPOLITAN UNIVERSITY IN THE CONTEXT OF THE 4.0 INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION

People have mentioned more about digital transformation in the last few years, especially in the economic, business, and service sectors. In education, it is not until the Covid-19 pandemic breaks out on a global scale that stagnates all socio-economic activities students cannot come to school. Digital transformation is a process whose results can be a completely new educational appearance, with new methods, techniques, tools, and means. This article analyzes some theoretical and practical backgrounds in digital transformation activities nationally and internationally. At the same time, some orientations on the development plan of digital transformation activities at Hanoi Metropolitan University.  Keywords: Digital Transformation, 4.0 Industrial Revolution, Information Technology

Reflection 7

The Report on Fieldwork in Amakusa, The 5th ICIS International Workshop, The 4th International Symposium, International Academic Symposium, Cultural Interaction Studies on Food (6), Activities and Announcements, Solicitation of Submissions for the Bulletin of ICIS / Editor\u27s Not

From European Colony to a New Era: EU-Vietnam Relations - 1990-2017

In the international relations literature review, there have been voluminous studies on EU-ASEANrelations but only a small number on EU-Vietnam relations. Furthermore, it is obvious that most of studies thus far conducted on EU-Vietnam relations have dominantly addressed trade relations. As the EU and Vietnam have sought to build a comprehensive partnership and cooperation since 2012, itis important to provide an insight into the history of the EU-Vietnam relations in various areas. With this in mind, this paper seeks to examine the past, present and the future of the EU-Vietnam relations which will be thematically divided into two periods: (i) 1990-2005: Befriending; (ii) 2006-present:Strengthening the Friendship. Also, the paper will discuss the future direction for the EU -Vietnam relations. By using content analysis as the main research methodology, the paper has analysed official documents from both European Union and Vietnamese official bodies and scholarly writings todemonstrate that the EU and Vietnam have make a very comprehensive effort to intensify theirbilateral relations