Critical Review of East Asia – South America Trade

There is a general consensus that trade between East Asia and South America is becoming increasingly important. However, we know little about the actual dynamic development of this inter-regional trade. This paper examines whether the trend of East Asia–South America trade is a general phenomena or a country- and commodity-specific issue, and whether the increase in trade values has a solid basis in terms of commodity diversification and/or price and quantity effects. While South America has an overall trade surplus with East Asia, detailed country and commodity analysis of inter-regional trade reveal several potential weaknesses in South America’s trade with East Asia. Our research finds that (i) the increase in trade between the two regions can be explained mainly by the increase in the People’s Republic of China’s (PRC) trade with South America, (ii) the increase in the PRC’s imports from South America is limited to a few commodities, (iii) the increase in East Asia’s imports from South America is due partly to commodity price increases, and (iv) the PRC has started to export various types of electronics and machinery products to South America. Overall, East Asia’s exports to South America seem to show more promising signs of growth than South America’s exports to East Asia

Asian Trade Structures and Trade Potential : An Initial Analysis of South and East Asian Trade

A frontier of potential trade is constructed for trade flows from a world trade matrix of trade determinants to compare East Asian trade performance with that of South Asia. The results suggest that East Asian trade, led by ASEAN, is outperforming the world while South Asia lags behind significantly. Within East Asia, the transformation of Chianis trade performance is remarkable with its accession to the WTO. Australia is efficiently integrated with East Asia and performing close to its trade frontier. There is scope to lift intraregional trade among the East Asian economies but South Asia has even more unrealised potential, including within its own region.trade, East Asia, Trade Structures

Is East Asia Safe from Financial Crises?

This paper looks at the measures taken by East Asian countries since the 1997-8 crisis to reduce the odds of a new crisis. It finds that odds are low, but far from zero. Much progress has been done to deal with the vulnerabilities that have been identified so far, but some remain. The massive accumulation of foreign exchange reserves is raising the threshold at which markets would trigger speculative attacks, but the threshold is still well within reach of international markets. Efforts at building a regional defense system are slow and unlikely to come to fruition in the near future.International Economics, Exchange Rates, Currency rises, Foreign exchange reserves

'Oh, to Be a European! What Rastko Petrovic Learnt in Africa'

Book description: Twelve studies explicitly developed to elaborate on travel writing published in book form by east Europeans travelling in Europe from ca. 1550 to 2000. How did east Europeans have positioned themselves with relation to the notion of Europe, and how has the genre of travel writing served as a means of exploring and disseminating these ideas? A truly comparative and collective work with a substantial introductory study, the book has taken full advantage of the interdisciplinary and comparative potential of the team of project scholars working in the different national literatures, from different disciplinary perspectives. This is the second volume of a three-part set of East Looks West. Vol. 1. Orientations: An Anthology of East European Travel Writing on Europe (forthcoming); Vol. 3. A Bibliography of East European Travel Writing on Europ

Sgr A East and its surroundings observed in X-rays

We report the results of an XMM-Newton observation of Sgr A East and its surroundings. The X-ray spectrum of Sgr A East is well represented with a two-temperature plasma model with temperatures of ~1 and ~4 keV. Only the iron abundance shows clear spatial variation; it concentrates in the core of Sgr A East. The derived plasma parameters suggest that Sgr A East originated in a single supernova. Around Sgr A East, there is a broad distribution of hard X-ray emission with a superimposed soft excess component extending away from the location of Sgr A East both above and below the plane. We discuss the nature of these structures as well as the close vicinity of Sgr A*.Comment: 7 pages, 3 figures, Accepted for publication in Advances in Space Research, as a proceeding paper for the 34th COSPAR E1.4 "High Energy Studies of Supernova Remnants and Neutron stars" held at Houston, Texas, USA during 10-19 Oct 2002; also found in http://www.star.le.ac.uk/~mas/research/paper/#Sakano2003cos

ANALISIS PENGARUH PRODUK DOMESTIK REGIONAL BRUTO, TINGKAT PENGANGGURAN TERBUKA DAN TINGKAT PENDIDIKAN TERHADAP KEMISKINAN DI PROVINSI JAWA TIMUR TAHUN 2017-2021

The purpose of this study is to explain GRDP, Unemployment Rate and Education Level jointly affect the Poverty Rate in East Java Province in 2017-2021 in East Java and explain the more dominant independent variables between GDP, unemployment rate, level of education on level poverty in East Java Province. The method used in this study is multiple linear regression analysis on panel data. The analysis tool used is e-views 9. This study uses a quantitative approach with 38 observation objects in the 2017-2021 time frame. The results of this study are based on the F test of economic growth variables, unemployment rates and education levels have an effect on poverty levels. then the results of the t-test show that the unemployment rate and education level variables significantly influence the poverty rate in East Java Province in 2017-2021. However, the education level variable is not significant for the poverty rate in East Java Province in 2017-2021

The Biological Standard of Living in the two Germanies.

Physical stature is used as a proxy for the biological standard of living in the two Germanies before and after unification in an analysis of a cross-sectional sample (1998) of adult heights, as well as among military recruits of the 1990s. West Germans tended to be taller than East Germans throughout the period under consideration. Contrary to official proclamations of a classless society, there were substantial social differences in physical stature in East-Germany. Social differences in height were greater in the East among females, and less among males than in the West. The difficulties experienced by the East-German population after 1961 is evident in the increase in social inequality of physical stature thereafter, as well as in the increasing gap relative to the height of the West-German population. After unification, however, there is a tendency for East-German males, but not of females, to catch up with their West-German counterparts