Industrie 4.0 Framework, Challenges and Perspectives

The world is increasingly in a global community. The rapid technological development of communication and information technologies allows the transmission of knowledge in real-time. In this context, it is imperative that the most developed countries are able to develop their own strategies to stimulate the industrial sector to keep up-to-date and being competitive in a dynamic and volatile global market so as to maintain its competitive capacities and by consequence, permits the maintenance of a pacific social state to meet the human and social needs of the nation. The path traced of competitiveness through technological differentiation in industrialization allows a wider and innovative field of research. Already we are facing a new phase of organization and industrial technology that begins to change the way we relate with the industry, society and the human interaction in the world of work in current standards. This Thesis, develop an analysis of Industrie 4.0 Framework, Challenges and Perspectives. Also, an analysis of German reality in facing to approach the future challenge in this theme, the competition expected to win in future global markets, points of domestic concerns felt in its industrial fabric household face this challenge and proposes recommendations for a more effective implementation of its own strategy. The methods of research consisted of a comprehensive review and strategically analysis of existing global literature on the topic, either directly or indirectly, in parallel with the analysis of questionnaires and data analysis performed by entities representing the industry at national and world global placement. The results found by this multilevel analysis, allowed concluding that this is a theme that is only in the beginning for construction the platform to engage the future Internet of Things in the industrial environment Industrie 4.0. This dissertation allows stimulate the need of achievements of more strategically and operational approach within the society itself as a whole to clarify the existing weaknesses in this area, so that the National Strategy can be implemented with effective approaches and planned actions for a direct training plan in a more efficiently path in education for the theme

A Knowledge Graph Based Integration Approach for Industry 4.0

The fourth industrial revolution, Industry 4.0 (I40) aims at creating smart factories employing among others Cyber-Physical Systems (CPS), Internet of Things (IoT) and Artificial Intelligence (AI). Realizing smart factories according to the I40 vision requires intelligent human-to-machine and machine-to-machine communication. To achieve this communication, CPS along with their data need to be described and interoperability conflicts arising from various representations need to be resolved. For establishing interoperability, industry communities have created standards and standardization frameworks. Standards describe main properties of entities, systems, and processes, as well as interactions among them. Standardization frameworks classify, align, and integrate industrial standards according to their purposes and features. Despite being published by official international organizations, different standards may contain divergent definitions for similar entities. Further, when utilizing the same standard for the design of a CPS, different views can generate interoperability conflicts. Albeit expressive, standardization frameworks may represent divergent categorizations of the same standard to some extent, interoperability conflicts need to be resolved to support effective and efficient communication in smart factories. To achieve interoperability, data need to be semantically integrated and existing conflicts conciliated. This problem has been extensively studied in the literature. Obtained results can be applied to general integration problems. However, current approaches fail to consider specific interoperability conflicts that occur between entities in I40 scenarios. In this thesis, we tackle the problem of semantic data integration in I40 scenarios. A knowledge graphbased approach allowing for the integration of entities in I40 while considering their semantics is presented. To achieve this integration, there are challenges to be addressed on different conceptual levels. Firstly, defining mappings between standards and standardization frameworks; secondly, representing knowledge of entities in I40 scenarios described by standards; thirdly, integrating perspectives of CPS design while solving semantic heterogeneity issues; and finally, determining real industry applications for the presented approach. We first devise a knowledge-driven approach allowing for the integration of standards and standardization frameworks into an Industry 4.0 knowledge graph (I40KG). The standards ontology is used for representing the main properties of standards and standardization frameworks, as well as relationships among them. The I40KG permits to integrate standards and standardization frameworks while solving specific semantic heterogeneity conflicts in the domain. Further, we semantically describe standards in knowledge graphs. To this end, standards of core importance for I40 scenarios are considered, i.e., the Reference Architectural Model for I40 (RAMI4.0), AutomationML, and the Supply Chain Operation Reference Model (SCOR). In addition, different perspectives of entities describing CPS are integrated into the knowledge graphs. To evaluate the proposed methods, we rely on empirical evaluations as well as on the development of concrete use cases. The attained results provide evidence that a knowledge graph approach enables the effective data integration of entities in I40 scenarios while solving semantic interoperability conflicts, thus empowering the communication in smart factories