Forest vegetation management: France (chap.4)

Current practices and problems of forest vegetation management in France are described in the context of research on alternatives to herbicides.FORET;PEUPLEMENT FORESTIER;VEGETATION;CONCURRENCE VEGETALE;LUTTE;MODE DE TRAITEMENT;LUTTE PHYTOSANITAIRE + MAUVAISE HERBE;CONTROLE DE LA VEGETATION;PESTICIDE;HERBICIDE;LUTTE PHYTOSANITAIRE;IMPACT SUR L'ENVIRONNEMENT;DYNAMIQUE DE VEGETATION;HISTOIRE;GESTION FORESTIERE;ECOSYSTEME;FRANCE;VEGETATION FORESTIERE;GESTION;ALTERNATIVES AUX HERBICIDES;ADVENTICE;SPECIES COMPOSITION

Geopolitica del medio ambiente: Cambio climatico y recursos hidricos. Aproximacion al caso de Canada

Climate change and its impacts on societies, ecosystems and water resources represent one of the most important environmental, social and economic challenges today. The case study of Canada and Quebec aims at discussing climate change and its effects on water resources at the regional level. These effects occur randomly and are geographically distinct. Besides, they can be either negative or positve as they create opportunities in some sectors. climate change issue thus appeals to manage water resources adequately and encourage to make decision and elaborate policies in the medium and long term. It is crucial to consider climate change into a sounded water resources management so as to minimize the degree of their impacts and ensure the sustainability of water resources

Natuurkwaliteit en biodiversiteit van de Nederlandse zoute wateren

Van de biodiversiteit in de Nederlandse zoute wateren is momenteel nog ongeveer 40% aanwezig van de biodiversiteit die zou bestaan in een oorspronkelijke, meer natuurlijke situatie. Deze conclusie is gebaseerd op een grote hoeveelheid gegevens over kenmerkende soorten en eigenschappen van de Nederlandse mariene ecosysteme

ETUDE DES INTERACTIONS ENTRE SERVICES DES ECOSYSTEMES CONSEQUENCES DE LA CREATION DES MARCHES RURAUX DE BOIS ENERGIE SUR UN SOCIO-ECOSYSTEME AU NIGER

N° ISBN - 978-2-7380-1284-5International audienceThis paper aim to analyze the consequences of the creation of firewood rural markets in Niger. We made an assessment of the changes of interactions between ecosystem services linked with the creation of rural market. The study was based on interviews conducted at the local scale of the rural market of Ñinpelima in order to assess the changes between 1980 and 2009. We define ecosystem services as an interaction between a social system and an ecological system. This definition allows us to characterize ecosystem services and the origins of their interactions. The synergies and trade-offs observed are the results of two types of interactions between ecosystem services: cooperation and competition. Rural markets rely on institutional and technical innovation at the national scale. These innovations affect the local scale. Although the creation of rural market aims essentially the service of firewood production, the interactions lead to changes of other ecosystem services. Management strategies have to take in account these interactions for that rural markets of firewood achieve their objective of sustainable management of the ecosystems as a whole

Forest vegetation management in Europe: current practice and future requirements

The book provides a record of the co-operation within Europe in the field of forest vegetation management through the Cost Action E47. The aims are: i)to provide a summary of the current state of the art' as it applies to forest vegetation management in Europe for scientists, practitioners and policymakers, affiliated to state, non-governmental or private commercial organizations; ii)to document existing forest weed control practices across Europe, and hence provide a resource of alternative solutions for individual countries sharing similar conditions and challenges; and iii)to identify common information gaps and future research needs, and hence potential future areas of collaboration for forest vegetation management scientists across Europe, along with barriers that may need to be overcome to achieve that aim.FORET;PEUPLEMENT FORESTIER;VEGETATION;CONCURRENCE VEGETALE;LUTTE;MODE DE TRAITEMENT;COOPERATION INTERNATIONALE;RECHERCHE DEVELOPPEMENT;DEVELOPPEMENT DURABLE;AMENAGEMENT FORESTIER;MAUVAISE HERBE;CONTROLE DE LA VEGETATION;PESTICIDE;LUTTE PHYTOSANITAIRE;IMPACT SUR L'ENVIRONNEMENT;DYNAMIQUE DE VEGETATION;HERBICIDE;BIODIVERSITE;ECOSYSTEME;HISTOIRE;GESTION FORESTIERE;EUROPE;VEGETATION FORESTIERE;ADVENTICE;ALTERNATIVES AUX HERBICIDES;

Influence of shellfish farming activities on nitrification, nitrate reduction to ammonium and denitrification at the water-sediment interface of the Thau lagoon, France

The seasonal patterns of nitrification, denitrification and dissimilatory ammonium production (DAP) rates were studied in the sediment of 2 stations in the Thau lagoon (south of France). The station ZA was located within the shellfish farming zone and thestation B was the reference site. A marked effect of shellfish farming on bacterial activities was observed. Spatial differences were associated with discrepancies in the organic content and the reduction state of sediments, i.e. highest reductive processes (denitrification and DAP) were noted in shellfish farming area, whereas the oxidative process (nitrification) was predominant outside the farming zone. At both stations, the DAP activity increased in September (autumn) concomitant with an increase of the C/N ratio in the sediment due to the sedimentation of the summer phytoplanktonic production. Nitrification and denitrification rates exhibited maxima in November (winter) corresponding to dissolved inorganic nitrogen inputs from the surrounding land. In the shellfish farming site, 98% of nitrate was reduced to NH4+ and 2% to N2O, showing that the most of the NO3- was reduced to ammonium and remained available for the ecosystem

Distribution and abundance of molluscan cryptofauna from Karaichalli Island (Gulf of Mannar), southeastern coast of India

Replicate samples of live coral, dead massive coral, dead branching coral, and live & dead coral were studied. The surface area, volume, percentage cover, biomass and percentage available living space were determined for molluscan cryptofauna in each habitat. The gastropods Pyrene versicolor, Drupa sp. and Cerithium sp. were common in branching corals. The bivalves Saccostrea cllecullata, Area sp., Isognomon sp., Pinctada sp. and Lithophaga sp. were common in dead parts of ramose corals. Mytilids were rare in living parts of ramose corals. Pyrene sp., Drupa sp., Cerithium sp. and Lambis sp. were found crawling on the surface of the massive corals

La biosurveillance

National audienceLorsque l'on cherche a proteger les ecosystemes contre des agressions exterieures, en general liees a l'activite humaine, qui perturbent leurs mecanismes biologiques, l'idee la plus simple est de chercher au sein des organismes vivants les temoins de ces perturbations. La notion de bio-surveillance vient de la