A dual-pathway model of knowledge exchange: linking human and psychosocial capital with prosocial knowledge effectiveness

Purpose: This study aims to examine a dual-pathway model that recognizes two distinct (formal and informal) but complementary mechanisms of knowledge exchanges – knowledge sharing and knowledge helping. It also investigates how team members use their limited human and psychosocial capital for prosocial knowledge effectiveness. Design/methodology/approach: A survey-based approach was used to examine the hypotheses of the study. A moderated-mediation model was proposed and tested using bootstrap approach. Findings: Knowledge sharing and knowledge helping were found to be the significant links through which human capital (capability) and psychosocial capital (motivation and efficacy) significantly predict prosocial knowledge effectiveness. Post hoc analysis suggests that human capital through knowledge sharing influences team learning, whereas the psychosocial capital through knowledge helping influences team leadership. Originality/value: The present study found two distinct but complementary and yet necessary mechanisms of knowledge exchanges to be linked as the important outlay for the human and psychosocial capital to be effective in the prosocial knowledge behaviours

Dual pathway spindle assembly increases both the speed and the fidelity of mitosis

Roughly half of all animal somatic cell spindles assemble by the classical prophase pathway, in which the centrosomes separate ahead of nuclear envelope breakdown (NEBD). The remainder assemble by the prometaphase pathway, in which the centrosomes separate following NEBD. Why cells use dual pathway spindle assembly is unclear. Here, by examining the timing of NEBD relative to the onset of Eg5-mEGFP loading to centrosomes, we show that a time window of 9.2 ± 2.9 min is available for Eg5-driven prophase centrosome separation ahead of NEBD, and that those cells that succeed in separating their centrosomes within this window subsequently show .3-fold fewer chromosome segregation errors and a somewhat faster mitosis. A longer time window would allow more cells to complete prophase centrosome separation and further reduce segregation errors, but at the expense of a slower mitosis. Our data reveal dual pathway mitosis in a new light, as a substantive strategy that increases both the speed and the fidelity of mitosis

Time-trends and treatment gaps in the antithrombotic management of patients with atrial fibrillation after percutaneous coronary intervention: Insights from the CHUM AF-STENT Registry.

BACKGROUND: The management of atrial fibrillation and flutter (AF) patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) has undergone a rapid recent evolution. In 2016, the Canadian Cardiovascular Society (CCS) published expert recommendations to help guide clinicians in balancing bleeding and thrombotic risks in these patients. HYPOTHESIS: Antithrombotic regimen prescriptions for AF patients undergoing PCI evolved after the publication of the 2016 CCS AF guidelines. METHODS: A prospective cohort of AF patients undergoing PCI with placement of a coronary stent from a single tertiary academic center was analyzed for the recommended antithrombotic regimen at discharge. Prescribing behavior was compared between three time periods (Cohort A [2010-2011]; Cohort B [2014-2015]; Cohort C [2017]) using the χ2 test. In addition, antithrombotic management in Cohorts B and C were compared to guideline-recommended therapy. RESULTS: A total of 459 patients with AF undergoing PCI were identified. Clinical and procedural characteristics were similar between cohorts, with the exception of an increase in drug-eluting stent (DES) use over time (P < .01). Overall, the rate of oral anticoagulation (OAC) increased over time (P < .01), associated with an increase in nonvitamin K OAC prescription (P < .01) and a concomitant decrease in vitamin K antagonist prescription (P < .01). Despite this, the overall rate of anticoagulation remains below what would be predicted with perfect guideline compliance (75% vs 94%, P < .01). CONCLUSION: There has been a dramatic shift in clinical practice for AF patients requiring PCI, with increases in prescription of OAC even in the context of an increase in the use of DES. However, room for further practice optimization still exists

THE IMPLEMENTATION OF DUAL PATHWAY CREATIVITY MODEL IN TOURISM SECTOR IN WEST SUMATRA

This research examined the implementation of the Dual Pathway Creativity Model (DPCM) as a function of cognitive flexibility and cognitive persistence in employees working at companies engaged in the tourism sector in West Sumatra. Dual Pathway Creativity Model (DPCM) suggests a more comprehensive theory about employee creativity. DPCM argues that a flexible and pleasant environment can encourage flexibility and creativity. However, problems and a less flexible environment might also encourage creativity, but through a different process compared to a flexible environment. This research used a purposive sampling technique with 96 respondents, consisting of employees working in the tourism sector. The results showed that cognitive flexibility had a positive effect on employee creativity in the tourism sector in West Sumatra, while cognitive persistence had a negative effect on employee creativity in the tourism sector in West Sumatra

Modification of the dual pathway model for binge eating

The present study tested a modification of the Dual Pathway Model describing the development of binge eating (Stice, 1994) with difficulties in emotion regulation as a mediator in the place of negative affect, as well as self-compassion as a moderator. A total of 440 undergraduate students attending a predominately White, Midwestern university completed an online survey. Due to significantly different mean differences on most variables, results were examined separately for women (N = 230) and men (N = 205). The moderation of self-compassion on the association between body dissatisfaction and difficulties in emotion regulation was tested using PROCESS (Hayes, 2013) and was found to be non-significant. Using path analysis, direct and indirect effects of body dissatisfaction, restricted eating, difficulties in emotion regulation, and binge eating were tested. A multiple-group analysis demonstrated gender differences for these relationships; in particular, the path from body dissatisfaction to restricted eating was significant for women but not for men. The mediation of body dissatisfaction to binge eating through restricted eating was not significant for either group. Restricted eating and difficulties in emotion regulation mediated the indirect effect of body dissatisfaction to binge eating only for women. The mediation of body dissatisfaction to binge eating through difficulties in emotion regulation was supported for women and men. Post-hoc analyses supported the moderation effect of self-compassion on the association between body dissatisfaction and negative affect for women only. Specifically, women with greater in self-compassion reported lower negative affect in the face of body dissatisfaction. Finally, post-hoc analyses examining the paths of the original Dual Pathway Model were conducted. Results showed only the mediation from body dissatisfaction to binge eating through negative affect was supported, both for women and men. Limitations, contributions, future research directions, and implications were discussed

The dual pathway to information avoidance in information systems use

This article develops an explanatory model of information avoidance behavior from extant theory and examines its hypotheses using psychophysiological methods. It integrates existing but partially conflicting explanations into a coherent positivist model based on Coping Theory. The existence of two distinct but interlinked causal pathways to information avoidance will be outlined. Both pathways are cause by defects in the information quality. The first pathway is grounded on being threatened by the information’s inconsistency. The second pathway is based on being distressed by the information’s complexity. Due to the involvement of cognition as well as affect, the usefulness of traditional measurement methods alone is deemed to be limited. Thus, we will draw upon recent advances from NeuroIS research in order to integrate psychophysiological measures into an extended, triangulated measurement protocol. This article intends to contribute to this special issue in three ways. First, it shapes a theoretical model for studying information avoidance which has received little attention in IS research. Second, it exemplifies the derivation and instantiation of a NeuroIS measurement model and the selection of appropriate NeuroIS methods for scrutinizing the theoretical information avoidance model. Third, based on the evidence of an experiment, it provides guidelines for how to conduct eye-tracking, pupillometry, and facial electromyography measurements as well as how to subsequently derive meaning from the initial data collected

Anatomic-electrophysiological correlations concerning the pathways for atrioventricular conduction.

The remarkable success of radiofrequency ablation in recent decades in curing atrioventricular nodal reentrant tachycardias has intensified efforts to provide a solid theoretical basis for understanding the mechanisms of atrioventricular transmission. These efforts, which were made by both anatomists and electrophysiologists, frequently resulted in seemingly controversial observations. Quantitatively and qualitatively, our understanding of the mysteries of propagation through the inhomogeneous and extremely complex atrioventricular conduction axis is much deeper than it was at the beginning of the past century. We must go back to the initial sources, nonetheless, in an attempt to provide a common ground for evaluating the morphological and electrophysiological principles of junctional arrhythmias. In this review, we provide an account of the initial descriptions, which still provide an appropriate foundation for interpreting recent electrophysiological findings