Transformational leadership and organizational commitment as antecedents of organizational citizenship behavior in somalia telecommunication industry

Understanding the importance ol' (lie employees who go above and beyond the eall of duty for the sake of organizational goals and values known as organizational citizenship behaviour (OCB), remains as one of the critical issues in the workplace environment, especially in developing countries. This study investigates the significance role of the three-components (affective, continuance and normative) of organizational commitment on the relationship between transformational leadership (idealized influence, inspirational motivation, intellectual stimulation and individual consideration) and OCB in three leading telecommunication companies in Mogadishu, Somalia. Besides, the differences in OCB, transformational leadership, and organizational commitment between the companies were also investigated. 305 respondents, who are employees of three telecommunication companies in Mogadishu, Somalia, participated in questionnaire survey. The measurement tools undertaken in the data collection include Organizational Citizenship Behaviour Scale, Multifactor Leadership Questionnaire and Organizational Commitment Scale. Subsequently, the data collected were quantitatively analysed using Structural Equation Modelling (SEM) method. Results indicated that transformational leadership is positively and significantly related to OCB. Furthermore, using bootstrapping analysis, the results demonstrated that organizational commitment positively and significantly mediates the relationship between the four aspects of transformational leadership and OCB. Ultimately, the results of the study revealed that the aspects of transformational leadership, as well as the components of organizational commitment, affective and normative, could further explain employees’ OCB, while continuancc commitment had insignificant role in predicting employees' OCB Moreover, the telecommunication companies highlight significant differences toward practicing OCB, transformational leadership and organizational commitment based on the findings of the study. In conclusion this study provides organizations in the industry to comprehensively understand tc concepts o f organizational citizenship behaviour (OCB), translmmatio,,,,! leadership attributes and organizational commitment to improve as we . increase organizational accomplishments and productivity

Leveraging information and communication technologies (ICTs) for enhanced marketing performance: Key issues for marketers in Island-Nation’s commercial banks

Unprecedented strides have been made in technological advancements within recent decades. The synergistic effect of information technologies with communications technologies -coined information and communications technologies (ICTs)- has been pervasive, inspiring much academic enquiry. In the field of marketing, research has burgeoned in its prominent nexuses with ICT, for example electronic commerce, digital marketing, and customer relationship management (CRM). Academics concentrated on adoption determinants and the impact of technologies on consumers, firms, and countries. However, few studies examined this phenomenon from the perspective of the marketer - the implementer within the firm. Further, despite signaling ICTs’ centrality in marketing practice and its capacity to transform the discipline, scholars have also flagged possible reluctance to technology uptake by marketers. Accordingly, this research sought to contribute towards bridging the lacuna by exploring the scope of ICTs being used by marketers in practice, the impact on performance, and challenges encountered. The study also has an explanatory component seeking underlying reasons for technology adoption. The investigation employed a qualitative multi-method research design with a critical realism underpinning, supported by online questionnaires and semi-structured interviews. It is one of few studies drawing upon a combination of traditional and relationship marketing theory, as opposed to technology adoption theory, to undertake research on ICT adoption and usage in marketing. The findings revealed a selection of customer-facing and non-customer-facing ICTs being used by marketers including analytical, monitoring, collaboration, and other ICT tools. Underlying reasons for adoption spanned environmental, technological, and organisational factors, including strategy. The study’s main contribution to knowledge was highlighting the need to consider the impact of change when contemplating ICT adoption. A conceptual framework linking major themes in the literature was developed in this regard. Further, a framework for incorporating ICTs into marketing was also designed to assist marketers in their practice