1,329 research outputs found
Rigorous justification of the short-pulse equation
We prove that the short-pulse equation, which is derived from Maxwell
equations with formal asymptotic methods, can be rigorously justified. The
justification procedure applies to small-norm solutions of the short-pulse
equation. Although the small-norm solutions exist for infinite times and
include modulated pulses and their elastic interactions, the error bound for
arbitrary initial data can only be controlled over finite time intervals.Comment: 15 pages, no figure
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Single-Shot Visualization Of Evolving Laser- Or Beam-Driven Plasma Wakefield Accelerators
We introduce Frequency-Domain Tomography (FDT) for visualizing sub-ps evolution of light-speed refractive index structures in a single shot. As a prototype demonstration, we produce single-shot tomographic movies of self-focusing, filamenting laser pulses propagating in a transparent Kerr medium. We then discuss how to adapt FDT to visualize evolving laser-or beam-driven plasma wakefields of current interest to the advanced accelerator community. For short (L similar to 1 cm), dense (n(e) similar to 10(19) cm(-3)) plasmas, the key challenge is broadening probe bandwidth sufficiently to resolve plasma-wavelength-size structures. For long (L similar to 10 to 100 cm), tenuous (n(e) similar to 10(17) cm(-3)) plasmas, probe diffraction from the evolving wake becomes the key challenge. We propose and analyze solutions to these challenges.Physic
Nano-jet Related to Bessel Beams and to Super-Resolutions in Micro-sphere Optical Experiments
The appearance of a Nano-jet in the micro-sphere optical experiments is
analyzed by relating this effect to non-diffracting Bessel beams. By inserting
a circular aperture with a radius which is in the order of subwavelength in the
EM waist, and sending the transmitted light into a confocal microscope, EM
fluctuations by the different Bessel beams are avoided. On this constant EM
field evanescent waves are superposed. While this effect improves the
optical-depth of the imaging process, the object fine-structures are obtained,
from the modulation of the EM fields by the evanescent waves. The use of a
combination of the micro-sphere optical system with an interferometer for phase
contrast measurements is described.Comment: 14 pages , 2 figure
Diffraction of Bloch Wave Packets for Maxwell's Equations
We study, for times of order 1/h, solutions of Maxwell's equations in an
O(h^2) modulation of an h-periodic medium. The solutions are of slowly varying
amplitude type built on Bloch plane waves with wavelength of order h. We
construct accurate approximate solutions of three scale WKB type. The leading
profile is both transported at the group velocity and dispersed by a
Schr\"odinger equation given by the quadratic approximation of the Bloch
dispersion relation. A weak ray average hypothesis guarantees stability.
Compared to earlier work on scalar wave equations, the generator is no longer
elliptic. Coercivity holds only on the complement of an infinite dimensional
kernel. The system structure requires many innovations
Optical vortices in dispersive nonlinear Kerr type media
The applied method of slowly varying amplitudes of the electrical and magnet
vector fields give us the possibility to reduce the nonlinear vector
integro-differential wave equation to the amplitude vector nonlinear
differential equations. It can be estimated different orders of dispersion of
the linear and nonlinear susceptibility using this approximation. The critical
values of parameters to observe different linear and nonlinear effects are
determinate. The obtained amplitude equation is a vector version of 3D+1
Nonlinear Schredinger Equation (VNSE) describing the evolution of slowly
varying amplitudes of electrical and magnet fields in dispersive nonlinear Kerr
type media. We show that VNSE admit exact vortex solutions with classical
orbital momentum and finite energy. Dispersion region and medium
parameters necessary for experimental observation of these vortices, are
determinate.
PACS 42.81.Dp;05.45.Yv;42.65.TgComment: 24 page
Approximation of high-frequency wave propagation in dispersive media
We consider semilinear hyperbolic systems with a trilinear nonlinearity. Both the differential equation and the initial data contain the inverse of a small parameter , and typical solutions oscillate with frequency proportional to in time and space. Moreover, solutions have to be computed on time intervals of length in order to study nonlinear and diffractive effects. As a consequence, direct numerical simulations are extremely costly or even impossible. We propose an analytical approximation and prove that it approximates the exact solution up to an error of on time intervals of length . This is a significant improvement over the classical nonlinear Schrödinger approximation, which only yields an accuracy of
Improved error bounds for approximations of high-frequency wave propagation in nonlinear dispersive media
High-frequency wave propagation is often modelled by nonlinear Friedrichs
systems where both the differential equation and the initial data contain the
inverse of a small parameter , which causes oscillations with
wavelengths proportional to in time and space. A prominent
example is the Maxwell--Lorentz system, which is a well-established model for
the propagation of light in nonlinear media. In diffractive optics, such
problems have to be solved on long time intervals with length proportional to
. Approximating the solution of such a problem numerically with
a standard method is hopeless, because traditional methods require an extremely
fine resolution in time and space, which entails unacceptable computational
costs. A possible alternative is to replace the original problem by a new
system of PDEs which is more suitable for numerical computations but still
yields a sufficiently accurate approximation. Such models are often based on
the \emph{slowly varying envelope approximation} or generalizations thereof.
Results in the literature state that the error of the slowly varying envelope
approximation is of . In this work, however, we prove
that the error is even proportional to , which is a substantial
improvement, and which explains the error behavior observed in numerical
experiments. For a higher-order generalization of the slowly varying envelope
approximation we improve the error bound from to
. Both proofs are based on a careful analysis of
the nonlinear interaction between oscillatory and non-oscillatory error terms,
and on \textit{a priori} bounds for certain ``parts'' of the approximations
which are defined by suitable projections
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