Comparison of Constraints Handling Methods for Economic Load Dispatch Problem using Particle Swarm Optimization Algorithm

The main goal of economic load dispatch (ELD) problem is to find an optimal operating condition for the committed generating units in order to minimize total operational cost while satisfying the constraints. The ELD problem becomes more complicated and non-convex when valve point effects of the generator are considered. The penalty function approach (PFA) is widely used to handle the constraints in ELD problem due to simple implementation. However, it requires a proper penalty factor tuning and provides inconsistent result. This paper investigates the performances of modification of infeasible particle (MIP) method based on particle swarm optimization (PSO) for solving ELD problem. The performances of MIP and PFA methods have been compared in terms of optimal result, convergence characteristic and robustness. The proposed MIP and PFA have been tested on three standard test systems (consists of 3, 6 and 40 generating units) to validate their effectiveness. The simulation result confirmed that MIP has better convergence characteristic and more robust compared to PFA. Therefore, the MIP approach can be applied in any optimization algorithm for solving constraint ELD problem effectively

Rizqi car rental booking system based on mobile applications

Rizqi Car Rental Booking System based on Mobile Application developed to enable customers to book rental cars online that can provide a wealth of information related to car rental reservations. In addition, the system was developed to facilitate the car rental information management of Rizqi Car Rental. Based on observation, this system offer a user feedback module compared to the existing system that does not offer a user feedback module. In order to make the Rizqi Car Rental Booking System based on Mobile Application, the waterfall development process model is used as a process model that acts as a guideline that covers several phases namely planning, analysis, design, and implementation. At the end of the system development, customers can make online car rental reservations that are seen to provide comfort and satisfaction to customers and help the management of Rizqi Car Rental Company booking to run smoothly

Creative criteria to develop product design in life skills classroom

In the era of 21 st century, creative students are the national asset that can contribute to the development of society, nation and economic growth. Applying creative criteria in life skills subject, help in preparing students with skilled workforce, professionals, entrepreneurs and product designers that in line with the demand of the current technology. There is a gap where students try to copy or replicate the product design available around them, and these restricted them to think creatively in producing innovative product design. Therefore this study is to investigate problems faced by students in developing product design in life skills subject and secondly is to investigate how the process of developing the product design will contribute to student's creativity in producing a product. To date, this study will employ interview and observation method in order to gather rich input from the participants. In this study, experts who have more than five years of experiences in product design in Vocational Colleges involved for the interview sessions. In addition, the observation sessions also proceeded with students who took the life skills subject by monitoring their design project progress as to identify criteria that contribute to the discrepancy in developing product design in the classroom. At this stage, at about ten participants involved in this study and most of the participants were students from Vocational Colleges. Findings showed that, there were student self factors that restricted the students to be creative in designing a product in life skills subject. In addition by having conducive classroom environment and supported by guidance from the teachers, intensive discussions, active brainstorming sessions, and interactive interactions were among the activities that help students to be creative and eventually nurturing the students to innovate their product design in the classroom

A cuckoo search optimization scheme for non-convex economic load dispatch

This paper presents a Cuckoo Search (CS) based algorithm to solve constrained economic load dispatch (ELD) problems. The proposed methodology easily deals with non-smoothness of cost function arising due to the use of valve point effects. The performance of the algorithm has been tested on systems possessing 13 and 40 generating units involving varying degrees of complexity. The findings affirm that the method outperforms the existing techniques, and can be a promising alternative approach for solving the ELD problems in practical power system