IS/IT in developing and emerging economies

Copyright @ AMCIS 2007In spite of the rapid growth many developing and emerging economies are experiencing, with much of this growth supported by information technology (IT), published research dealing with IT in developing economies is still very limited. The objective of this paper is to direct attention to this apparent gap and provide an overview of the issues related to information systems (IS) and IT specifically in developing and emerging economies. Business and social conditions specific to developing and emerging economies and their potential effects on IS/IT implementations are discussed. After a brief review of papers presented at previous AMCIS conferences, some research areas that seem particularly in need of more attention are identified

State of Health Equity Movement, 2011 Update Part C: Compendium of Recommendations DRA Project Report No. 11-03

State of Health Equity Movement, 2011 Update Part C: Compendium of Recommendations DRA Project Report No. 11-0

International technology transfer: building theory from a multiple case-study in the aircraft industry

International technology transfer occurs frequently in international operations, for example in\ud cases of foreign direct investment where companies set-up existing manufacturing lines in new\ud locations. It also occurs in situations of international outsourcing where a new supplier receives\ud product and/or production process information. This technology transfer process often leads to\ud difficulties, for example delays and much higher costs than anticipated. To gain insight into the\ud causes of these difficulties we used a grounded theory approach to describe the process of\ud international production technology transfer. We conducted four case studies in the aircraft\ud industry and analyzed the problems that occurred. We found that technology transfer consists of\ud three phases: preparation, installation and utilization. These three phases are influenced by three\ud types of factors: technological, organizational and environmental. The combination of activities\ud with factors enables an integrated view on international technology transfer. We found that the\ud amount of technology, the accuracy of information, and the extent of organizational and\ud environmental differences have a large impact on the efficiency of the technology transfer\ud process

Rural Livelihood Strategies and Social Capital in Latin America: Implications for Rural Development Projects

Evidence from studies across Latin America show that rural households in the region are increasingly employing a diverse set of activities to maintain and improve livelihoods suggesting that households use multiple paths to get out of poverty. Of particular importance in household livelihood strategies are the assets households own and the context in which they operate. Recent development literature has highlighted the important role of social capital in development and particular emphasis is place on the role of this asset in this paper. The objective of this paper is to examine these trends in order to inform project design and implementation in the region. Based on the conceptual framework and evidence from Latin America, the paper offers a number of suggestions for improving project design and implementation in Latin America.rural livelihoods, social capital, Latin America, rural development projects, Community/Rural/Urban Development, Labor and Human Capital,

Livelihood Diversification and Women Empowerment Through Self-Help Micro Credit Programme: Evidence from Jammu and Kashmir.

In the paper an attempt has been made to analyze the process of livelihood diversification and women empowerment through women self-help groups (WSHGs) and micro credit and its impact under Integrated Watershed Development Project (IWDP), Hills-II, Jammu and Kashmir; to find out difficulties in operationalizing micro income generating activities (MIGAs) through WSHGs and micro credit; and to suggest policy recommendations to make the programme of micro enterprise development through WSHGs and micro credit a success. The study reveals that through creation of WSHGs, 250 beneficiaries have been trained, out of which 50 percent have taken up MIGAs on sustainable basis and started earning up to Rs. 500 per month in Ramnagar Sub-watershed. The scheme of inter-loaning has also been introduced and members of WSHGs gets loan up to Rs. 5000. Through opening of saving accounts in nationalized banks, monthly savings of WSHGs have increased up to Rs. 1000. All these have resulted in increased income and improved livelihoods of the beneficiaries. New WSHGs should be formed through which new high potential MIGAs needs to be promoted. The system of revolving fund/mutual fund groups should also be promoted. The extent of beneficiaries’ willingness to contribute towards the cost of any MIGA is a ‘litmus test’ of their interest and commitment. Efforts should be made to evolve cost-sharing mechanism to ensure sustainability. The members of the WSHGs should be imparted training related to technical, financial, and marketing aspects, for which reputed local NGOs should be roped in. Exposure visits and training programmes should also be organized on regular interval to give WSHGs the opportunities to learn and express themselves in public and to improve their self-confidence.Livelihood Diversification, Women Empowerment, Self-Help Groups, Micro Credit

DELIVERING ON BUDGET FY2009â€Â10 : A SET OF IMPLEMENTATION ISSUES

The newly elected government proposed its first budget on 11 June 2009 with a view to support a trajectory of moderate growth, reduced poverty through employment generation and expansion of safety nets, low price level and tackle the impact of the global financial crisis. The Centre for Policy Dialogue (CPD) in its budget reaction pointed out that addressing these objectives will entail designing of a set of appropriate budgetary measures, but will depend much more on the efficacy of their delivery (CPD 2009a). Furthermore, such delivery will need a coherent, coordinated, consistent and committed participation of the total government machinery and all other development actors and stakeholders. It was encouraging to see that the Finance Minister publicly agreed with the analysts that implementation of the budget would be the most important challenge. In his postbudget press briefing on 12 June 2009, the Finance Minister stated : While drawing up the budget, we knew its execution was going to pose a huge challenge (The Daily Star 2009). In this context the present study seeks to facilitate an early kickoff of budget implementation in FY200910 and to complement the continuing monitoring process by the government. The study is based on analysis of secondary data, government policy documents and media reports. Interviews with the knowledgeable people were also carried out to generate insights. Along with selective econometric exercise, academic literature was reviewed to strengthen the analysis. Promoting economic growth is the primary objective of the budget implementation; conversely growth itself is a key determinant of successful implementation of budget. In this context, the paper sets off by exploring the growth prospect for FY200910 and its linkages with implementation of the budget. Resource mobilisation is one of the two pillars of a budgetary framework; subsequent two sections, thus, highlight the issues related to revenue mobilisation from domestic source and foreign assistance inflow. On the expenditure side, a select set of expenditure issues relating to the revenue expenditures have been examined, besides reviewing the challenges of annual development plan (ADP) delivery. As mainstreaming of the publicprivate partnership (PPP) has been one of the distinguishing features of the budget, a separate section has been devoted to the theme. The penultimate section of the paper brings the resource and expenditure sides together and discusses the issues relating to budget deficit and its financing. The paper then rounds up with a set of possible scenarios along with a few concluding observations.Bangladesh, Economic Outlook, Budget

Empowering Rural People for Their Own Development

This Elmhirst lecture first discusses the features of the institutional environment which allow rural people in low income countries to design, plan and implement their own rural development. These are divided into two broad groups: the institutional environment for rural development (environment for the private sector, communities and civil society, local government, and sector institutions) and the many factors governing profitability of investment in agriculture. While in many poor countries the institutional environment has improved over the last 20 years, the most poorly performing countries still have by far the poorest environment for local government in the world. Within an empowering institutional environment, the rate of agricultural and rural development is determined by investments of many different types that in turn depend primarily on the profitability of agriculture. The paper discusses the large number of factors which determine profitability. Few of these are under the direct control of farmers or agricultural sector institutions, but depend on governance and investments in other sectors such as trade and transport. In many of the poorest countries there has been considerable improvement in macroeconomic management and sector policies over the past 20 years, but progress in international and intra-regional trade policies, in agricultural trade policies, in transport infrastructure, and in agricultural research and extension have been limited.Community/Rural/Urban Development,

Research On Awareness Of Hospital Managers About Chronic Diseases And The Care By Multidisciplinary Teams Towards Sustainable Health Care Services In Vietnam

This study focused on top management in health care services in Vietnam. Kajian ini tertumpu kepada perkhidmatan penjagaan kesihatan yang diberikan oleh pengawai atasan di Vietnam