17,898 research outputs found
Combined 3D thinning and greedy algorithm to approximate realistic particles with corrected mechanical properties
The shape of irregular particles has significant influence on micro- and
macro-scopic behavior of granular systems. This paper presents a combined 3D
thinning and greedy set-covering algorithm to approximate realistic particles
with a clump of overlapping spheres for discrete element method (DEM)
simulations. First, the particle medial surface (or surface skeleton), from
which all candidate (maximal inscribed) spheres can be generated, is computed
by the topological 3D thinning. Then, the clump generation procedure is
converted into a greedy set-covering (SCP) problem.
To correct the mass distribution due to highly overlapped spheres inside the
clump, linear programming (LP) is used to adjust the density of each component
sphere, such that the aggregate properties mass, center of mass and inertia
tensor are identical or close enough to the prototypical particle. In order to
find the optimal approximation accuracy (volume coverage: ratio of clump's
volume to the original particle's volume), particle flow of 3 different shapes
in a rotating drum are conducted. It was observed that the dynamic angle of
repose starts to converge for all particle shapes at 85% volume coverage
(spheres per clump < 30), which implies the possible optimal resolution to
capture the mechanical behavior of the system.Comment: 34 pages, 13 figure
Optimal Camera Placement to measure Distances Conservativly Regarding Static and Dynamic Obstacles
In modern production facilities industrial robots and humans are supposed to
interact sharing a common working area. In order to avoid collisions, the
distances between objects need to be measured conservatively which can be done
by a camera network. To estimate the acquired distance, unmodelled objects,
e.g., an interacting human, need to be modelled and distinguished from
premodelled objects like workbenches or robots by image processing such as the
background subtraction method.
The quality of such an approach massively depends on the settings of the
camera network, that is the positions and orientations of the individual
cameras. Of particular interest in this context is the minimization of the
error of the distance using the objects modelled by the background subtraction
method instead of the real objects. Here, we show how this minimization can be
formulated as an abstract optimization problem. Moreover, we state various
aspects on the implementation as well as reasons for the selection of a
suitable optimization method, analyze the complexity of the proposed method and
present a basic version used for extensive experiments.Comment: 9 pages, 10 figure
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