Pengenalan Ekspresi Wajah dengan Metode Viola Jones dan Convolutional Neural Network

Currently, the use of artificial intelligence is growing rapidly, including being used to recognize human facial expressions. Human facial expressions have a complex recognition rate. In this study, deep learning will be applied to find out how much accuracy the recognition of facial expressions. The method used in this study is a combination of Viola Jones and Convolutional Neural Network. Viola Jones is used at the segmentation stage and Convolutional Neural Network to classify data. The facial expression dataset that was analyzed consisted of happiness, anger, disgust, sadness, fear, surprise and normal totaling 2205 data. Tests conducted using a conffusion matrix with an accuracy rate of 96.14%. The results of this test indicate that the proposed method has good accuracy for recognizing facial expressions.Saat ini penggunaan kecerdasan buatan berkembang dengan pesat, diantaranya dimanfaatkan untuk mengenali ekspresi wajah manusia. Ekspresi wajah manusia memiliki tingkat pengenalan yang kompleks. Pada penelitian ini akan diterapkan deep learning untuk mengetahui seberapa besar tingkat akurasi dalam pengenalan ekspresi wajah. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini yaitu gabungan Viola Jones dan Convolutional Neural Network. Viola Jones digunakan pada tahap segmentasi dan Convolutional Neural Network untuk mengklasifikasi data. Dataset ekspresi wajah yang dianalisis terdiri dari bahagia, merah, muak, sedih, takut, terkejut dan normal sejumlah 2205 data. Pengujian yang dilakukan menggunakan confussion matrix dengan tingkat akurasi sebesar 96,14%. Dari hasil pengujian ini menunjukan bahwa metode yang diusulkan memiliki akurasi yang baik untuk mengenali ekspresi wajah

MILD-Net: Minimal Information Loss Dilated Network for Gland Instance Segmentation in Colon Histology Images

The analysis of glandular morphology within colon histopathology images is an important step in determining the grade of colon cancer. Despite the importance of this task, manual segmentation is laborious, time-consuming and can suffer from subjectivity among pathologists. The rise of computational pathology has led to the development of automated methods for gland segmentation that aim to overcome the challenges of manual segmentation. However, this task is non-trivial due to the large variability in glandular appearance and the difficulty in differentiating between certain glandular and non-glandular histological structures. Furthermore, a measure of uncertainty is essential for diagnostic decision making. To address these challenges, we propose a fully convolutional neural network that counters the loss of information caused by max-pooling by re-introducing the original image at multiple points within the network. We also use atrous spatial pyramid pooling with varying dilation rates for preserving the resolution and multi-level aggregation. To incorporate uncertainty, we introduce random transformations during test time for an enhanced segmentation result that simultaneously generates an uncertainty map, highlighting areas of ambiguity. We show that this map can be used to define a metric for disregarding predictions with high uncertainty. The proposed network achieves state-of-the-art performance on the GlaS challenge dataset and on a second independent colorectal adenocarcinoma dataset. In addition, we perform gland instance segmentation on whole-slide images from two further datasets to highlight the generalisability of our method. As an extension, we introduce MILD-Net+ for simultaneous gland and lumen segmentation, to increase the diagnostic power of the network.Comment: Initial version published at Medical Imaging with Deep Learning (MIDL) 201